Ligustrum, commonly referred to as privet, is a genus of fast-growing shrubs and small trees frequently used in landscapes to create dense hedges or privacy screens. Because of its vigorous growth rate, Ligustrum requires regular pruning to maintain its desired shape, size, and density. Different pruning goals, from correcting neglect to simply maintaining a tidy hedge, require distinct seasonal approaches for the best results.
Timing Major Rejuvenation Pruning
Heavy cutbacks, often called rejuvenation pruning, are reserved for Ligustrum shrubs that have become overgrown, leggy, or otherwise neglected. This drastic reduction of the plant’s size is best performed during the dormant season, specifically in late winter or very early spring, before any new growth begins. Pruning while the plant is dormant minimizes the physiological stress on the shrub, as the plant’s metabolic activity is at its lowest. Ligustrum tolerates being cut back significantly, sometimes to within 6 to 12 inches of the ground. This strategic timing allows the root system, which remains intact, to quickly support the resulting vigorous new growth once warmer weather arrives.
Scheduling Routine Shaping and Maintenance
Routine shaping and maintenance pruning involves frequent, lighter shearing intended to keep a formal hedge neat and within its boundaries. This type of trimming should be carried out during the active growing season, which generally starts after the first major burst of spring growth has occurred. The initial trim typically takes place in late spring, once the new shoots have extended by several inches. Ligustrum’s rapid growth means maintenance shearing may be necessary multiple times throughout the summer to preserve a crisp, formal look. When shearing a formal hedge, the top should be kept slightly narrower than the base to ensure sunlight reaches the lower foliage and prevents the bottom sections from becoming sparse.
Pruning Timing for Specific Goals and Climate
Pruning decisions should be adapted based on whether the goal is to encourage flowering or to prepare the shrub for winter dormancy. Ligustrum produces its white, often fragrant, flowers on the previous season’s growth, known as old wood. If flowers are a desired feature, pruning should be delayed until immediately after the blooming period, typically in late spring or early summer. Consistent shearing throughout the spring and summer will remove the flower buds and prevent any significant bloom display.
All routine shearing should cease well before the first expected frost date, typically by late summer or early fall. Pruning stimulates new, soft growth that has not had time to harden off, making it susceptible to cold damage when temperatures drop. Stopping maintenance trims about two months prior to the average first frost allows this new growth to mature and become dormant, significantly improving the plant’s winter hardiness.