California is a leading producer of sweet cherries, and its harvest marks the beginning of the domestic cherry season. The window for peak freshness is exceptionally brief. This short growing season is due to the cherry’s biological need for chilling hours followed by rapid, warm ripening. Understanding the precise timing and regional differences is key to enjoying this delicate fruit.
The General Cherry Season Timeline
The statewide timeline for California’s sweet cherry harvest is remarkably narrow, typically commencing in mid-April or early May and drawing to a close by the end of June. This compressed period means the entire crop is usually available for only about six to eight weeks. The early-season varieties, such as Tulare and Brooks, are the first to be picked, often appearing in markets during the last weeks of April.
These initial varieties pave the way for mid-season favorites, harvested from mid-May through early June. The popular Bing cherry, known for its deep red color and firm texture, dominates this middle phase of the season. The exact start and end dates fluctuate annually based on winter chilling accumulation and spring weather patterns.
How Growing Regions Affect Harvest Dates
California’s long north-south geography creates a staggered harvest that varies significantly between the state’s primary growing regions in the Central Valley. The season begins earliest in the southernmost orchards, specifically around areas like Bakersfield and Arvin. Cherry trees in this warmer, southern latitude awaken from winter dormancy earlier due to higher ambient temperatures and longer daylight hours. The harvest then progresses steadily northward along the valley floor, following the natural temperature gradient.
Growers in the central and northern Central Valley, including the major production hubs of Stockton and Lodi, begin picking later. This northern shift allows for a continuous supply of fresh cherries for several weeks. For example, the main volume of Bing cherries arrives later from the northern regions.
Choosing and Maintaining Peak Freshness
When selecting cherries, consumers should look for fruit that is plump, firm, and boasts a taught, glossy skin. The color should be dark and saturated for the specific variety, whether a deep red Bing or a blush-yellow Rainier. The presence of a bright green, intact stem is a reliable indicator of recent harvest and optimal quality.
Cherries are highly perishable and do not ripen further once picked, making proper handling immediately after purchase important. They should be stored unwashed and uncovered in the refrigerator as soon as possible to maintain their texture and flavor. Washing the fruit before storage adds moisture that can accelerate spoilage and promote mold growth. Stored correctly in a cool environment, fresh cherries will maintain their quality for five to seven days.