Wisdom teeth extraction is a common dental procedure involving the removal of third molars. Swelling is a typical consequence of this surgery, representing the body’s natural inflammatory response. The body initiates healing by sending fluids and immune cells to the surgical site, causing temporary tissue expansion. This temporary swelling is a normal part of recovery.
Understanding the Swelling Timeline
Swelling begins within a few hours following wisdom teeth removal. It often peaks around 48 to 72 hours (2 to 3 days) after the procedure. During this period, patients may notice the most significant puffiness around the cheeks and jaw.
After peaking, swelling generally subsides noticeably by day 4 or 5. Most individuals experience significant improvement within a week, although some minor puffiness or firmness might persist for up to 7 to 10 days. The exact duration and severity of swelling can vary based on factors such as extraction complexity, patient age, overall health, and adherence to post-operative care.
Strategies for Swelling Reduction
Applying cold compresses to the cheek is an effective strategy immediately following surgery. This helps constrict blood vessels, reducing blood flow and inflammation. Cold compresses should be applied for 15 to 20 minutes at a time, with breaks in between, during the first 24 to 48 hours. After the initial 48 hours, switching to warm compresses can promote blood circulation, reduce stiffness, and further aid healing.
Elevating the head, especially while resting or sleeping, helps minimize fluid accumulation. Using extra pillows reduces blood flow to the surgical site, which can decrease swelling and discomfort.
Avoiding strenuous physical activity, such as heavy lifting or intense exercise, for at least a week is also important. Such activities can increase blood pressure and potentially worsen swelling or bleeding.
Maintaining proper hydration by drinking plenty of water supports the body’s healing processes. Eating a soft diet prevents excessive chewing, which can irritate the surgical site and contribute to swelling.
Recognizing Concerning Swelling
While swelling is a normal part of recovery, certain signs can indicate a complication. Swelling that worsens after the third or fourth day, or does not begin to subside by day five, could be a sign of infection. Swelling that spreads to the neck or throat, or causes difficulty breathing or swallowing, is a serious concern.
Other indicators of potential complications include severe pain that is not alleviated by prescribed medication or pain that increases after a few days. Pus or foul-smelling discharge from the extraction site, a fever above 100.4°F (38°C), or persistent numbness can also signal an infection. If any of these symptoms occur, contact a dentist or oral surgeon promptly.