Understanding the Procedure
A membrane sweep, also known as membrane stripping, is a common, low-intervention method healthcare providers offer to encourage the onset of labor without medication. It involves a provider inserting one or two gloved fingers into the cervix and performing a circular sweeping motion. This gently separates the amniotic sac from the lower part of the uterus, detaching the membranes that connect the sac to the uterine wall.
This physical action prompts the body to release natural chemicals called prostaglandins. These hormone-like substances play a role in softening, thinning, and dilating the cervix, preparing it for labor. This mechanical stimulation and subsequent release of prostaglandins can potentially initiate contractions and the progression of labor.
Timing and Eligibility
A membrane sweep is typically offered when a pregnancy reaches full term, usually from 39 weeks onwards. It may be offered up to 42 weeks of gestation to help prevent the pregnancy from extending too far past the due date. In specific medical situations, it might be considered as early as 37 weeks.
For a membrane sweep to be performed, the cervix must have already begun to dilate and soften. Healthcare providers typically need to be able to insert at least one or two fingers through the cervical opening, meaning a dilation of at least 1 to 2 centimeters. The baby’s head should also be engaged in the pelvis, and the baby should be in a head-down position.
There are situations where a membrane sweep would not be recommended. These include instances of a low-lying placenta, active vaginal infections, or if the membranes have already ruptured. High-risk pregnancies or certain medical conditions may also lead a healthcare provider to advise against the procedure. It is an elective procedure, meaning it is entirely optional and requires the individual’s informed consent.
What to Expect
During a membrane sweep, it is common to experience discomfort, pressure, or mild cramping, similar to a more intense pelvic examination. The procedure itself is typically brief, lasting only a few minutes.
After the procedure, light spotting or bleeding is normal. Increased cramping or irregular contractions are also common post-sweep effects. Individuals may notice a mucus discharge, sometimes mixed with a small amount of blood, known as a “bloody show.” These symptoms are generally considered normal and resolve quickly.
A membrane sweep does not guarantee immediate labor. Labor may begin within a few hours, several days, or it might not start at all. Even if labor does not commence, the sweep can still contribute to cervical ripening, helping to prepare the body for labor. However, if heavy bleeding, foul-smelling discharge, continuous severe pain, or signs of ruptured membranes occur, contact a healthcare provider.