Hummingbirds are small birds known for their rapid wing beats and shimmering colors. These tiny creatures, often weighing less than a nickel, exhibit remarkable aerial agility, including the ability to hover and fly backward. They are present in Michigan annually.
The Timing of Their Return
The Ruby-throated Hummingbird is the primary species observed in Michigan. These birds migrate from their wintering grounds in Mexico, Costa Rica, or Panama to their breeding areas. Their return to Michigan typically begins in late April, with active migration continuing through May.
Male hummingbirds usually arrive first to establish feeding territories. Southern Michigan often sees peak arrivals in mid-May, with sightings in northern parts of the state occurring later in May. Their exact arrival time varies each year, influenced by weather patterns and the availability of nectar sources and insects along their migration route. They move northward as daylight hours increase and food becomes more abundant.
Attracting Hummingbirds to Your Yard
To encourage hummingbirds to visit your yard, set up feeders as a supplementary food source. A sugar-water solution, made with one part granulated white sugar to four parts water, is recommended. Avoid using red dyes, honey, or artificial sweeteners, as these can be harmful to the birds.
Feeders should be cleaned regularly to prevent mold growth, ideally every other day in hot weather and at least twice a week in cooler conditions. Disassemble components and wash them with hot water, using a brush to scrub away residue. Placing feeders near nectar-rich flowers or in shaded areas helps keep the nectar fresh longer.
Planting specific flowers also attracts hummingbirds, as they are drawn to bright colors and tubular shapes. Beneficial plants for Michigan gardens include bee balm, cardinal flower, trumpet honeysuckle, petunias, and zinnias. These flowers provide natural nectar, the best food source for hummingbirds. A shallow water source, such as a bird bath, is also helpful.
When They Head South Again
As autumn approaches, Ruby-throated Hummingbirds begin their migration south from Michigan. This departure is typically observed between late August and early September, though some individuals may remain into October. Shortening daylight hours, cooler temperatures, and dwindling food supplies trigger their southward journey.
Hummingbirds travel to warmer climates, often Mexico or Central America, for the winter. Adult males usually start their southward migration first, with females and juveniles following later. Keep feeders available for a few weeks after the last hummingbird sighting to provide energy for any late migrants. This ensures stragglers have access to food before their long flight.