A stork bite, medically known as nevus simplex or a salmon patch, is a common birthmark appearing on newborns. These flat, pink, red, or purplish patches are formed by enlarged blood vessels just beneath the skin’s surface. Stork bites are present at birth or may develop within the first few weeks of life. They are generally considered harmless and do not cause discomfort or health concerns.
The Typical Fading Process
Most stork bites typically fade within the first one to two years of a child’s life. The mark becomes less noticeable as the baby grows and their skin thickens.
Facial stork bites, often called “angel kisses” when on the forehead or eyelids, tend to disappear more readily than those on the back of the neck. Stork bites on the face commonly fade completely by around 18 months of age.
Stork bites temporarily change in visibility. They may become brighter when a baby cries, gets warm, or strains. Conversely, they might temporarily lighten when light pressure is applied. This responsiveness to blood flow changes is a normal feature of these vascular birthmarks.
When Stork Bites Persist or Differ
While many stork bites fade completely, some may persist into adulthood, particularly those on the nape of the neck. These persistent marks, often called “salmon patches” in this location, are typically covered by hair as the child grows, making them less visible and generally of no medical concern. A percentage of adults still have their stork bites.
It is important to differentiate stork bites from other vascular birthmarks, such as port-wine stains (nevus flammeus). Unlike stork bites, port-wine stains are permanent birthmarks caused by abnormally formed blood vessels that do not fade and may darken or thicken. Stork bites are temporary, resulting from dilated rather than abnormally formed blood vessels. Their behavior over time distinguishes them.
Stork bites are not associated with underlying medical conditions. If a mark does not fade as expected or changes in appearance, ensure it is a stork bite and not another type of birthmark. For cosmetic reasons, laser treatments can lighten or remove persistent stork bites in visible areas.
When to Consult a Doctor
Parents should consult a healthcare provider if a birthmark shows concerning changes, such as rapid growth, or changes in color or texture. A medical evaluation is also recommended if the birthmark appears swollen, raised, causes discomfort, bleeds, or develops a rash.
Consult a doctor if you are uncertain whether a mark is a typical stork bite or another type of birthmark. A healthcare provider can accurately diagnose the mark and offer reassurance. This assessment can help determine if further monitoring or intervention is necessary.
A pediatrician will examine birthmarks during routine well-baby checkups. If concerns arise between visits, contact the doctor. This ensures any unusual or evolving birthmarks are promptly evaluated.