Raccoons are common, adaptable wildlife. Their young, known as kits, are born in secluded dens, initially helpless and dependent on their mother. The journey to independent adulthood unfolds over several months. Understanding their development provides insight into when these young raccoons begin to explore the world outside.
Early Life Stages
Raccoon kits arrive in spring, between March and May, weighing about 60 to 70 grams at birth. They are born blind, deaf, and covered in thin fur, entirely reliant on their mother for survival. For their first few weeks, the den serves as a safe, secluded nursery, providing warmth and protection.
Around three to four weeks of age, their eyes begin to open, and hearing develops. They become more active, wiggling and attempting wobbly walks within the den. They are vocal, communicating with their mother and siblings through purrs and squeals.
Emergence from the Den
Young raccoons begin their first ventures outside the den when they are 8 to 12 weeks old, in late spring to early summer. This initial emergence is not a sign of independence but a cautious exploration under their mother’s direct supervision. She guides their first steps into the outside world, helping them adapt to new sights, sounds, and smells.
Their den site could be a tree cavity, an abandoned burrow, or a man-made structure. While mobile at this age, they remain dependent on their mother for sustenance and safety. The mother may also move her kits to different den sites if she perceives a threat or disturbance.
Post-Den Care and Learning
After emerging, young raccoons stay with their mother for several months, until they are about one year old in the following spring. Though weaned around 12 weeks, this extended period with their mother is important for their development. She teaches them to forage for food, climb trees, and identify predators.
The family unit frequently moves between den sites, helping the young become familiar with their territory. This gradual process allows kits to refine survival skills, preparing them for an independent life. True independence occurs in the late fall or early winter of their first year, often aligning with the following spring’s breeding season.
If You Find Young Raccoons
If you encounter young raccoons, observe them from a distance. The mother is nearby, foraging or moving her kits, and will return. Intervention may be necessary if a kit is visibly injured, unwell, or if the mother does not return after several hours (up to 24).
In such situations, contact a local wildlife rehabilitator or animal control for guidance. Do not approach or handle young raccoons directly; if handling is unavoidable, wear gloves. Avoid offering them food or water, as improper feeding can cause harm. Keeping them warm in a safe, quiet location while awaiting professional help is beneficial.