Zebrawood is an exotic, highly figured hardwood prized globally for its stunning visual appeal. The wood’s distinctive, bold striping is sought after in luxury goods and high-end design. This unique appearance drives its commercial value, making it one of the most recognizable tropical hardwoods available.
The Tree That Produces Zebrawood
The wood known commercially as Zebrawood, or Zebrano, is primarily sourced from the tree species Microberlinia brazzavillensis. This species belongs to the Fabaceae family, commonly known as the legume family. A related species, Microberlinia bisulcata, is also sometimes traded interchangeably as Zebrawood due to its similar properties and appearance.
The Microberlinia brazzavillensis tree is a large, straight-growing species. It can reach impressive heights of 65 to 150 feet, with a cylindrical trunk that can attain diameters of four to five feet over a buttressed base. As a legume, the tree produces pods containing seeds and contributes to soil health by fixing atmospheric nitrogen.
Natural Habitat and Distinctive Appearance
The trees that yield Zebrawood are native to the tropical rainforests of West and Central Africa. Their natural distribution is centered in countries along the equatorial belt, most notably Gabon, Cameroon, and the Republic of the Congo. These trees thrive in mixed semi-deciduous and evergreen forests, often found near riverbanks and coastal regions.
The heartwood is a pale yellow-brown or cream color, dramatically contrasted by narrow streaks of dark blackish-brown. This alternating pattern resembles a zebra’s stripes, which gives the wood its common name. The grain is often interlocked or wavy, giving the finished surface a medium to coarse texture and a high natural luster.
Influence of Cutting Method
The appearance of the stripes is heavily influenced by how the wood is cut. A quartersawn piece will display relatively uniform and parallel stripes. Conversely, flatsawn wood results in wider, more erratic patterns.
Conservation Status and Commercial Applications
Zebrawood is a high-density, durable wood with a Janka hardness rating of approximately 1,830 pounds-force. This makes it tough and resistant to rot and insect damage. The wood is frequently cut into veneer to maximize the use of its decorative grain.
It is used in a variety of high-end applications:
- Fine furniture
- Musical instruments like guitars
- Tool handles
- Specialized items such as yacht interiors
- High-end flooring
Due to high international demand and habitat loss, the primary source species, Microberlinia brazzavillensis, is classified as “Vulnerable” on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The population has experienced a significant reduction, though it is not currently listed under CITES regulations. The closely related Microberlinia bisulcata, which is also sold as Zebrawood, is listed as “Critically Endangered,” highlighting the need for verified and sustainable sourcing practices.