Allergy testing, commonly involving skin prick tests or patch tests, is a diagnostic procedure used to identify specific substances that trigger an allergic response. Preparation involves managing medications, choosing proper clothing, and ensuring appropriate pre-test skin care for accurate results and personal comfort. The right garments ensure easy access to testing sites, typically the forearms or upper back, and prevent interference with testing materials.
Choosing Clothing for Skin Testing
The most frequent testing locations are the inner forearm and the upper back, so choosing a layered outfit that provides simple access to these areas is beneficial. For forearm skin prick tests, a short-sleeved top is the most practical choice, allowing the sleeve to be rolled up above the elbow without constricting movement. If the test is scheduled for the back, an outfit composed of two separate pieces, such as a shirt and trousers or a skirt, is preferable over a one-piece garment.
Wearing layers that can be removed quickly, like a zip-up hoodie or a cardigan, helps maintain comfort during the appointment, which can take up to two hours. Soft, breathable fabrics, such as cotton, minimize friction and irritation on the skin. For patch testing, loose-fitting attire is necessary to avoid dislodging the patches, which must remain adhered to the skin for about 48 hours.
Specific Garments to Skip
Certain types of clothing should be avoided because they can physically interfere with the testing process or compromise the integrity of the results. Tight or restrictive garments, including compression wear, tightly fitted bras, or high-waisted bands, should be left at home. Pressure or rubbing from these items can irritate the skin, potentially leading to false reactions or simply making the entire experience uncomfortable.
Clothing to Avoid for Back Testing
For patch tests on the back, one-piece clothing like dresses, jumpsuits, or rompers should be avoided entirely. These garments require you to fully undress for the application and reading of the patches. Accessories such as bulky necklaces and bracelets impede access to the testing site and should be avoided. For patch testing, select older, darker clothing because the ink used to mark the test sites can sometimes stain light-colored fabric.
Preparing the Skin Area
Before arriving for the test, ensure the skin in the intended testing area is completely free of any topical products. Lotions, creams, moisturizers, and oils should not be applied to the forearms or back for a specific period, often 24 to 48 hours before the procedure. These substances create a barrier on the skin, which may prevent the test allergens from penetrating and could suppress the natural allergic reaction, leading to inaccurate results.
All scented products, including perfumes, colognes, and body sprays, should be avoided on the day of testing. If the upper back or armpit area is a potential test site, skip deodorant or antiperspirant use on the morning of the appointment. Medicated topical creams, such as corticosteroid ointments, must be stopped on the test site, often for up to a week, because they reduce skin inflammation and suppress the immune response.