Gel injections, medically known as viscosupplementation, offer a treatment option for individuals experiencing knee pain due to osteoarthritis. This procedure involves injecting a gel-like substance directly into the knee joint. It aims to improve joint function and provide relief.
Understanding Gel Injections
Gel injections, or viscosupplementation, involve introducing hyaluronic acid into the knee joint. Hyaluronic acid is a substance naturally present in the synovial fluid that lubricates and cushions healthy joints. In osteoarthritis, the concentration of this natural lubricant decreases, leading to increased friction, pain, and stiffness as cartilage wears away.
The purpose of these injections is to supplement the natural synovial fluid, thereby improving the knee’s lubrication and shock absorption capabilities. By restoring some of the lost hyaluronic acid, the injections can help reduce pain and improve mobility. While they do not reverse the progression of arthritis or regrow cartilage, they can offer symptomatic relief, particularly for individuals with mild to moderate osteoarthritis.
Preparing for Your Injection
Before receiving a gel injection, discussing your current medications with your healthcare provider is important. This includes any blood thinners or anti-inflammatory drugs. Your doctor will provide specific instructions regarding any dietary restrictions or fasting, though often none are required. It is also advisable to prepare a list of questions for your healthcare provider. On the day of the procedure, wearing loose, comfortable clothing.
The Injection Procedure
The gel injection procedure is performed in a healthcare provider’s office and takes only a few minutes. First, the area around your knee will be cleaned with an antiseptic solution. A local anesthetic may be applied or injected to numb the site.
To ensure accurate placement, imaging guidance, such as ultrasound or fluoroscopy (a type of X-ray), may be used. If there is excess fluid in your knee, your doctor might drain it before injecting the hyaluronic acid. Once the needle is positioned, the gel is injected into the joint. You might feel some pressure or a mild sensation during this step.
After the Injection
Following the injection, you can typically go home after the procedure. Mild pain, swelling, warmth, or bruising at the injection site are common temporary side effects. Applying an ice pack can help manage discomfort and swelling. Over-the-counter pain relievers can also be used as needed.
Avoid strenuous activities, such as jogging, heavy lifting, or prolonged standing, for 24 to 48 hours after the injection. Light walking is permissible and can help with circulation. Keep the injection site clean and dry. Contact your healthcare provider if you experience severe pain, increased swelling, redness, warmth, or fever, as these could indicate a serious reaction or infection.
Expected Outcomes and Follow-Up
Pain relief from gel injections is not immediate; it often takes several weeks to notice an improvement. Many patients report feeling the most benefits around 8 to 12 weeks after the initial injection. The effects can last for several months, ranging from 4 to 6 months, though some may experience relief for up to a year or longer.
A series of injections, often one injection per week for three to five weeks, may be recommended to achieve results. If effective, injections can be repeated after about six months if symptoms return. Regular follow-up appointments are important to assess treatment effectiveness and discuss further management strategies.