Knee replacement surgery is a common procedure designed to alleviate discomfort and improve mobility. The first week of recovery following this surgery is a significant period for patients. Understanding what to anticipate during this initial phase can help individuals prepare for the recovery process. This overview covers experiences and considerations during the first week after knee replacement.
Immediate Post-Surgery: The First 48 Hours
Immediately after knee replacement surgery, patients typically move to a recovery room where medical staff monitor them. Patients may feel groggy from anesthesia and notice bandages or drainage tubes near the incision. While some go home the same day, an overnight stay or one to three days is common.
Early movements, like wiggling toes or sitting up with assistance, are encouraged. Nursing staff assist with these movements, including getting out of bed and taking a few steps with a walker. This early activity is important for recovery.
Managing Pain and Swelling
Pain is an expected part of the recovery process, particularly in the initial phase. Patients may experience aching or throbbing around the knee. Prescription and over-the-counter pain medications are used to manage this discomfort. Taking medication as prescribed is important for rehabilitation.
Swelling around the knee and lower leg is common, resulting from the body’s inflammatory response to surgical trauma. Non-pharmacological methods help manage both pain and swelling. Applying ice packs, elevating the leg, and using compression help reduce swelling. Consistent application of these methods, alongside prescribed medication, contributes to effective recovery.
Getting Back on Your Feet: Early Rehabilitation
Physical therapy (PT) begins very soon after surgery, often within hours or the first day. Therapists guide patients through initial exercises aimed at restoring strength and mobility. Common early exercises include ankle pumps, quadriceps sets (tightening thigh muscles), and gentle knee bends, sometimes aided by heel slides. These movements promote blood flow and prevent stiffness.
Walking with assistance is also a key part of early rehabilitation. Patients typically use walking aids such as a walker or crutches to support their weight and maintain balance. Physical therapists provide guidance on safe movement, including how to use these aids and navigate short distances. Regular engagement in these exercises, as instructed by the therapist, is important for a successful recovery and improving the knee’s range of motion.
Daily Living and Home Care
Upon discharge, managing daily activities at home requires some adjustments. Wound care instructions are provided, which typically involve keeping the incision site clean and dry. Depending on the type of dressing or closure, showering precautions may be necessary, such as covering the incision or allowing gentle water flow. Staples or skin glue are common and require specific care.
Finding comfortable sleeping positions can be a consideration. Many healthcare providers suggest sleeping on the back with the operated leg straight, possibly elevated with pillows under the calf and ankle to promote proper blood flow and reduce swelling. Side sleeping may be acceptable after a few weeks, but it is important to avoid lying on the operated side and to place a pillow between the knees for support. Balancing rest with activity, maintaining hydration, and following dietary recommendations also contribute to healing.
When to Contact Your Medical Team
Monitoring for certain signs and symptoms is important during the first week after knee replacement. Contacting your medical team is advised if you notice signs of infection, such as increasing redness, warmth, tenderness, or swelling around the knee. Other indicators include pus draining from the incision, a fever higher than 101°F (38.5°C), or chills.
Symptoms that could suggest a deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a blood clot, also require prompt attention. These include new or worsening pain in the calf, ankle, or foot, along with swelling or tenderness in the leg. Persistent or worsening pain not relieved by medication, numbness or tingling in the foot, or excessive bleeding from the incision are also reasons to contact your healthcare provider.