A Superior Labrum Anterior Posterior (SLAP) tear is an injury to the cartilage rim around the shoulder socket. This specialized tissue helps deepen the shoulder socket and stabilize the joint. When damaged, a SLAP tear can cause pain and limit shoulder movement. Understanding the recovery process is important for those undergoing surgical repair.
Immediate Post-Surgery Period
Following SLAP tear surgery, pain management is an initial focus, often involving prescribed medication and ice packs to reduce swelling and discomfort. An arm sling or immobilizer is typically worn for several weeks (4-6 weeks) to protect the healing repair and keep the arm safe. The sling should be worn as directed, even during sleep, but can be removed for brief periods for hygiene and light exercises.
Keep the incision site clean and dry. Watch for signs of infection, such as redness, warmth, increasing pain, or pus-like discharge from the wound. Activity restrictions are strict, prohibiting lifting, sudden movements, or pushing and pulling with the operative arm. Sleeping may be more comfortable in an upright position, such as in a recliner or propped up with pillows.
The Rehabilitation Journey
Physical therapy is a central component of recovery after SLAP tear surgery, playing a role in restoring shoulder function. Rehabilitation goals include regaining range of motion, improving muscle strength, and enhancing overall shoulder stability. This journey progresses through distinct phases, with each phase building upon the previous one.
The initial phase, often lasting several weeks, focuses on protecting the surgical repair and promoting early healing. Passive range of motion exercises are common, where a physical therapist or a device moves the arm without the patient’s muscle engagement to prevent stiffness. As healing progresses (around 4-6 weeks post-surgery), rehabilitation transitions to active assisted range of motion, allowing the patient to participate more in moving the arm with assistance.
Subsequent phases introduce active range of motion exercises, followed by progressive strengthening of the shoulder and surrounding muscles. This may begin around 6-10 weeks post-surgery with light resistance and gradually advances to more challenging exercises. The physical therapist guides this progression, ensuring exercises are appropriate for the healing stage and that proper form is maintained. Full recovery can take 4-12 months; consistent commitment to therapy is important for the best possible outcome.
Gradual Return to Activities
Resuming daily activities after SLAP tear surgery is a gradual process, dictated by shoulder healing and rehabilitation progress. Patients can typically manage personal care (dressing, showering) within the first few weeks, mindful of arm limitations and sling use. Light household tasks may be introduced as comfort and mobility improve.
Return to work varies significantly based on job demands. Desk-based workers might return in 1-2 weeks, while those with physically demanding or overhead jobs may require several months (4-6 months) of recovery. Driving is not recommended while wearing a sling; most can resume safely after sling discontinuation (around 4-6 weeks) with adequate arm control.
Returning to sports or high-impact activities requires careful consideration and medical clearance. This phase typically begins around 4-6 months post-surgery and involves a structured progression of sport-specific drills. Unrestricted overhead activities, like throwing, may be deferred for at least six months. Listening to your body and avoiding overexertion are important to prevent re-injury and ensure a successful long-term outcome.
Recognizing Potential Concerns
During SLAP tear surgery recovery, be aware of signs that may indicate a complication. Report persistent or worsening pain not alleviated by prescribed medication to a healthcare provider. Signs of infection at the surgical site include increased redness, warmth, swelling, pus, or fever.
Any new or worsening numbness, tingling, or weakness in the arm or hand requires immediate attention. A noticeable loss of shoulder motion or inability to perform physical therapy exercises as expected could signal an issue. Experiencing a sudden popping or tearing sensation in the shoulder should also prompt contact with the surgical team. Open communication with your surgeon and physical therapist helps address concerns promptly.