Rectal prolapse occurs when the rectum, the final section of the large intestine, turns inside out and protrudes through the anus. This condition can cause discomfort, bleeding, and issues with bowel control. Surgery is typically recommended to repair the prolapse and restore normal anatomy. This article outlines the recovery process following rectal prolapse surgery, helping individuals understand what to expect. Individual recovery experiences can vary based on the specific surgical technique used and personal health factors.
Your Hospital Stay and Immediate Recovery
The initial 24 to 72 hours following rectal prolapse surgery are spent in the hospital for immediate post-operative care. Pain management often begins with intravenous medication or, in some cases, an epidural catheter for sustained relief. Nurses regularly monitor pain levels and adjust medication to ensure comfort.
Your diet will gradually progress, starting with clear liquids a few hours after surgery. As your digestive system awakens, you will advance to a full liquid diet, then soft solids, usually within a day or two. This slow progression helps prevent nausea and allows the bowels to resume function.
Early mobilization is encouraged to prevent complications and promote healing. You will be assisted in getting out of bed and taking short walks within 24 hours of surgery. Temporary medical devices, such as a urinary catheter or drain, may be in place to manage bodily fluids, and are removed before discharge. Hospital stays after rectal prolapse surgery range from one to three days, depending on the surgical approach and your recovery progress.
Navigating Recovery at Home
Managing discomfort at home is a focus, with pain subsiding over the first few days. You will be prescribed oral pain medication for the initial period, and over-the-counter pain relievers can manage milder discomfort as healing progresses. You may experience some soreness, tenderness, or a feeling of pressure in the rectal area for several weeks.
Bowel function requires attention to prevent straining, which can stress the surgical repair. Healthcare providers recommend stool softeners and mild laxatives to ensure soft stools. A diet rich in fiber, including fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, along with adequate fluid intake, supports regular bowel movements and prevents constipation. Avoid forceful pushing during bowel movements for several weeks, as this can compromise the surgical site.
Activity restrictions are implemented to protect the surgical repair and facilitate healing. Surgeons advise against lifting anything heavier than 5 to 10 pounds for at least four to six weeks. Strenuous exercise, such as heavy lifting or high-impact activities, should be avoided for a similar duration. Driving may be restricted for a week or two, especially if pain medication impairs safety. Sexual activity is advised against for at least four to six weeks to allow healing.
Wound care instructions involve keeping the incision area clean and dry. Wash the area with mild soap and water and pat it dry. Signs of normal healing include minimal redness and swelling that gradually decrease over time. Adequate rest is important during this period, as your body heals. Gradually reintroduce activities as tolerated for a smoother recovery.
Recognizing Potential Concerns
While recovery proceeds smoothly, be aware of symptoms requiring immediate medical attention. A fever above 101°F (38.3°C) could indicate an infection and should be reported to your healthcare provider. Severe or worsening pain not alleviated by prescribed medication requires evaluation, as it could signal a complication.
Excessive bleeding or any unusual discharge, such as pus, from the surgical site are concerning. Persistent nausea or vomiting preventing you from keeping down fluids or medications warrants a call to your surgical team. Difficulties with urination, such as inability to pass urine or pain during urination, require quick attention.
Severe constipation or an inability to have a bowel movement after several days, despite using prescribed laxatives, requires medical review. Signs of infection at the incision site include increased redness, warmth, swelling, or pus. These symptoms suggest professional assessment and potential treatment. Symptoms indicating a blood clot, such as new or worsening leg pain and swelling, or sudden shortness of breath and chest pain, require immediate emergency medical attention.
Life After Surgery
Full recovery after rectal prolapse surgery extends beyond initial weeks, with a gradual return to normal activities over several months. Most individuals experience significant improvement in symptoms and quality of life within three to six months following surgery. Follow-up appointments with your surgeon are important to monitor healing progress and address any lingering concerns. These visits ensure the surgical repair is stable and recovery is progressing as expected.
Long-term success involves maintaining healthy bowel habits to prevent recurrence. This includes a fiber-rich diet, adequate hydration, and avoiding straining during bowel movements. These lifestyle adjustments help maintain soft stools and reduce pressure on the pelvic floor. While physical recovery is significant, some individuals may experience emotional aspects, such as anxiety about recurrence or body image concerns. Open communication with your healthcare team and seeking support can help navigate these feelings.