Prolapse surgery aims to restore pelvic organs to their proper position and alleviate symptoms like discomfort, urinary issues, or problems with bowel function. The recovery period is a gradual process with distinct phases of healing and specific considerations. Understanding what to expect helps in navigating this path to recovery and ensuring optimal long-term outcomes.
Immediate Post-Surgery Experience
Following prolapse surgery, individuals typically spend one to three days in the hospital, though this can vary based on the surgery’s extent. Immediately after the procedure, general anesthetic effects may cause some grogginess. Pain or discomfort in the vagina, perineum, and lower abdomen is expected and can persist for four to six weeks. Healthcare providers manage this pain with medication, which might include over-the-counter options or stronger prescription pain relief.
It is common to have a catheter in place to drain urine, as bladder function can be temporarily affected by swelling or anesthesia. While in the hospital, patients are encouraged to get out of bed and walk short distances soon after surgery to promote circulation and prevent blood clots. Some procedures might also involve temporary vaginal packing for up to 24 hours.
Managing Recovery at Home
Upon returning home, recovery involves specific self-care practices. Light vaginal bleeding or spotting is normal and can last for approximately one to four weeks, gradually changing from bright red to a darker, reddish-brown. A creamy white discharge may also be present for up to eight weeks as stitches dissolve. Over-the-counter pain relievers are typically sufficient, but stronger medication may be prescribed for initial discomfort.
Activity restrictions prevent strain on healing tissues. Avoid lifting anything heavier than five to seven pounds, approximately the weight of a gallon of milk, for at least six weeks. Strenuous activities, including vigorous exercise, bending, or housework, are generally restricted for four to six weeks. While showering is usually permitted, baths are advised against until cleared by a doctor.
To prevent constipation, a high-fiber diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains and plenty of fluids are recommended. Stool softeners may also be prescribed. Sexual activity should be avoided for at least six weeks, or until cleared by a healthcare provider. Driving is typically permissible one to four weeks post-surgery, once pain medication is no longer needed and the ability to perform an emergency stop without discomfort is regained.
Recognizing When to Contact Your Doctor
While some discomfort and discharge are normal, certain symptoms indicate a need for immediate medical attention. Signs of infection include fever, chills, increased pain that does not improve or worsens, spreading redness around an incision, or foul-smelling vaginal discharge.
Excessive or heavy vaginal bleeding, particularly bright red blood that soaks pads frequently or contains large clots, requires prompt evaluation. Difficulty urinating, inability to empty the bladder, or severe pain when urinating may indicate a urinary issue or infection.
Persistent difficulty with bowel movements or severe constipation should also be reported. New or severe swelling in the surgical area or legs, or any other new symptoms, warrant a call to your doctor to rule out complications.
Long-Term Recovery and Lifestyle
Long-term recovery focuses on sustained pelvic health and preventing recurrence. Follow-up appointments, often around six to eight weeks post-surgery, assess healing and outcomes. During these visits, healthcare providers check incision sites and discuss any lingering symptoms or concerns.
Gradual return to full activity is encouraged, with most individuals resuming normal activities by six to twelve weeks. Pelvic floor exercises, often referred to as Kegels, are a fundamental part of long-term support. These exercises strengthen the muscles supporting pelvic organs, reducing the risk of future prolapse and improving bladder and bowel control. A physical therapist specializing in pelvic health can provide guidance on proper technique and a progressive exercise program.
Lifestyle modifications contribute to maintaining surgical results. Avoiding chronic straining from constipation or coughing, managing weight, and avoiding heavy lifting long-term can protect the pelvic floor and prevent excessive strain on the surgical repair.