Elephant ear plants, belonging primarily to the genera Colocasia and Alocasia, are prized for their enormous, tropical foliage. The heart- or shield-shaped leaves are the main attraction, making the emergence of a flower rare outside of tropical environments. The plant’s reproductive effort temporarily shifts energy away from foliage production. Understanding the proper steps to take afterward ensures the plant quickly refocuses its resources back into producing its impressive leaves.
Identifying the Elephant Ear Bloom
The elephant ear flower is a specialized inflorescence common to the Araceae family, unlike the showy blooms of common garden plants. This structure consists of two main parts: a central, fleshy spike called the spadix, which holds the tiny flowers, and a large, modified leaf known as the spathe. The spathe wraps around the spadix like a hood, often appearing in pale colors such as white, cream, or light green.
The flower stalk emerges from the base of the plant on a sturdy stem, often hidden beneath the canopy of leaves. Flowering indicates the plant has reached maturity and is thriving under optimal conditions. These conditions include consistent warmth, high humidity, and sufficient light, mimicking its native tropical habitat.
Once the spathe unfurls, the flower remains visible until it begins to fade and wilt, signaling the completion of the reproductive phase. At this point, the plant may divert energy into seed production, which is undesirable for growers focused on large foliage.
Pruning the Flower Stalk After Blooming
Removing the spent flower stalk, known as deadheading, is the primary action to conserve the plant’s energy. This cut prevents the plant from developing seeds, allowing it to redirect resources toward growing new leaves. Timing is important; the flower should be allowed to fully open and wilt or turn brown before the cut is made.
Use clean, sharp pruning shears or a disinfected knife for the cut. Sterilizing the blade with rubbing alcohol prevents the transfer of pathogens to the fresh wound. Trace the flower stalk down to the main stem or soil line where it emerges and make a single, clean cut.
The cut should be made as close to the base as possible without damaging adjacent leaf petioles or the main corm. Avoid leaving a stub, which can become an entry point for disease or pests. Discard the spent stalk away from the plant to maintain garden hygiene.
Supporting the Plant After Flowering
After removing the spent bloom, the elephant ear requires a recovery period to replenish the energy reserves used for flowering. This phase involves adjusting practices to encourage vigorous new growth and leaf expansion. Since elephant ear plants are heavy feeders, the energy drain from flowering means the plant benefits significantly from a nutritional boost.
Apply a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer, such as a 10-10-10 or 20-20-20 formula, to quickly supply necessary nutrients. Fertilization should occur during the active growing season, either immediately before or shortly after pruning, to provide the building blocks for new foliage. Consistent monthly application helps maintain the plant’s high growth rate.
The plant’s demand for water remains high as it focuses on producing large leaves. The soil must be kept consistently moist but not waterlogged, as these tropical plants suffer in dry conditions. Ensure the plant continues to receive bright, indirect light to maximize photosynthesis and convert nutrients into impressive foliage.