Mountain lions, also known as cougars or pumas, are elusive predators that inhabit diverse landscapes, from forests to deserts, across the Americas. These solitary felines play a role in their ecosystems, typically avoiding human contact. Understanding how to react during an encounter and implement preventative measures is important for safety when in mountain lion territory.
Immediate Actions During an Encounter
If you unexpectedly see a mountain lion, remaining calm is the first step. Do not run, as this can trigger a chase instinct in the animal. Instead, hold your ground or slowly back away while facing the lion, maintaining direct eye contact.
Should the mountain lion notice you, make yourself appear as large and intimidating as possible. Raise your arms, open your jacket, or pick up small children to appear larger. Speak loudly and firmly, making noise to assert your presence and deter the animal. If the mountain lion approaches, begin throwing objects like rocks or sticks towards it, aiming near but not directly at the animal.
In the rare event of an attack, fight back aggressively with any available means. Protect your neck and head, as these are common targets for a mountain lion. Striking sensitive areas like the face and eyes can make the lion reconsider the attack, as predators avoid injury that could hinder their ability to hunt.
Preventing Encounters
Minimizing the likelihood of a mountain lion encounter involves proactive measures, particularly when in their habitat. Hiking in groups and making noise helps alert mountain lions to your presence, allowing them to avoid you. Avoid hiking or jogging alone, especially during dawn and dusk when mountain lions are most active. Staying on marked trails and being aware of your surroundings, rather than using headphones that block out sounds, can reduce the chance of a surprise encounter.
For pet owners, keeping animals leashed and close, particularly at dawn and dusk, is a safety measure. Pets should not be allowed to roam freely and should be secured indoors at night. Children should be kept close and supervised. Educating children about wildlife safety and what to do if they see a mountain lion is beneficial.
Around homes and campsites, manage potential attractants. Secure all food and trash, and avoid feeding wildlife like deer, as these can draw mountain lions looking for prey. Clearing dense vegetation around your property removes potential hiding spots for these animals. Installing motion-sensor lights can deter mountain lions from lingering near your home or animal enclosures.
What to Do After an Encounter
Following any mountain lion sighting or encounter, report the incident to local wildlife authorities or park rangers. Provide specific details such as the location, date, time, and the animal’s behavior to assist wildlife management efforts. If you were able to capture photos or videos, these are valuable to authorities.
Should any injuries, even minor scratches, occur during an encounter, seek immediate medical attention. Bites and scratches from wild animals can carry a risk of infection. Inform other people in the immediate area about the sighting to raise their awareness.