The hardware of braces rubbing against the sensitive tissues of the cheeks is a common source of discomfort for new orthodontic patients. This irritation occurs because the soft inner lining of the mouth, known as oral mucosa, is not yet adapted to the constant friction from the metal brackets and wires. Over the first few weeks, the oral tissues will naturally toughen up, leading to a significant reduction in soreness. Until that adaptation happens, creating a protective barrier and treating existing abrasions can provide immediate relief.
Applying Temporary Comfort Measures
The most effective, immediate step to stop the scratching is to use orthodontic wax, which acts as a physical buffer between the brace and the cheek tissue. Before application, always start by thoroughly wash your hands to maintain oral hygiene. Next, use a clean tissue or gauze to completely dry the specific bracket or wire causing the problem, as wax adheres much better to a dry surface.
Pinch off a small amount of wax, about the size of a small pea, and roll it between your fingers to warm and soften it into a smooth ball. This warming makes the wax pliable and easier to mold over the sharp or protruding part of the appliance. Gently press the ball directly onto the irritating bracket or wire and flatten it slightly to create a smooth, rounded ramp. This cushion prevents friction and allows the cheek to rest and begin healing.
The wax is non-toxic and safe to swallow in small amounts, but remove it before eating or brushing your teeth to keep the area clean. You can wear the wax overnight, and it should be replaced with a fresh piece at least once a day, or whenever it becomes dirty or dislodged. If you find yourself without wax, you can use a small, clean piece of sugar-free gum, or for a temporary fix, a tiny piece of sterile cotton can be placed over the bracket until you acquire proper orthodontic wax.
Promoting Healing of Mouth Sores
When constant rubbing has created a painful mouth sore or ulcer, the focus shifts to disinfecting the area and accelerating tissue repair. A simple and effective remedy is a warm saltwater rinse, which utilizes osmosis to reduce swelling and promote a clean healing environment. To prepare this solution, dissolve half a teaspoon of table salt into one cup of warm water.
Swish this mixture around your mouth for 30 seconds before spitting it out, repeating this process up to four times a day, especially after meals. Saltwater helps draw moisture out of the inflamed tissues and cleans the wound without the harshness of a chemical mouthwash. You can also use over-the-counter topical anesthetic gels containing ingredients such as benzocaine, which temporarily numb the painful area.
To prevent further irritation and aid recovery, temporarily avoid acidic and spicy foods, such as citrus fruits, tomatoes, and chili peppers, as these can sting and delay the healing process. Maintaining a gentle oral hygiene routine is also important; use a soft-bristled toothbrush around the sore spots to keep them clean without causing additional trauma. The combination of barrier protection and antiseptic rinsing allows these minor sores to heal within a few days.
Knowing When to Call the Orthodontist
While most irritation can be managed effectively at home, certain mechanical issues require professional attention to prevent complications or treatment delays. Contact your orthodontist immediately if you experience a broken or loose bracket that is spinning freely on the wire, as this can no longer effectively move the tooth. A loose band around a molar needs immediate repair because it can lead to decay if food particles become trapped underneath.
A wire that has shifted dramatically or is protruding and poking the cheek tissue in a way that cannot be temporarily covered by a generous amount of wax is a sign to call the office. Never attempt to cut a wire yourself, as a small piece could be accidentally inhaled or swallowed. Severe, persistent pain or swelling in the cheek or jaw that does not improve after a few days may indicate a more serious issue or an infection needing evaluation.
Any issue with the appliance that causes significant difficulty eating, swallowing, or speaking warrants a call, as this impairs daily function and suggests a problem beyond simple irritation. When you call, be prepared to describe the specific problem, such as the location of the broken part or the severity of the pain, so the orthodontic staff can determine the urgency of your appointment.