Preparing for cataract surgery involves several important steps the night before to ensure a smooth procedure and successful recovery. Following specific pre-operative guidelines contributes to patient safety and comfort during the surgical experience. Understanding these preparations helps alleviate concerns and promotes a more confident approach to the procedure.
Medication and Dietary Guidelines
Careful management of medications is a primary concern the night before cataract surgery. Patients are typically advised to stop certain medications that could increase bleeding risk during the procedure, such as aspirin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and blood thinners like warfarin or clopidogrel, often for 7 to 10 days prior. Some herbal supplements, including garlic, ginkgo biloba, and ginseng, also possess blood-thinning effects and should be discontinued before surgery. It is important to inform the surgeon about all current medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, as certain prostate medications like tamsulosin can affect the iris during surgery.
Many regular medications, such as those for blood pressure, cholesterol, and heart conditions, should generally be continued with a small sip of water on the morning of surgery. However, patients taking insulin or other diabetes medications must follow individualized instructions from their surgeon or anesthesiologist, as these may need adjustment. Pre-prescribed eye drops should typically be used as directed leading up to and on the day of surgery.
A strict “nil per os” (NPO) rule means no food or drink after a specific time, usually midnight the night before surgery. This fasting prevents the risk of aspiration pneumonia, a serious complication where stomach contents enter the lungs during anesthesia. While solid food is usually restricted for at least 6 hours, some clinics may permit clear liquids up to 2-3 hours before the procedure, though milk or cream are typically forbidden.
Personal Comfort and Practical Arrangements
Personal hygiene plays a role in minimizing infection risks. Patients are generally advised to shower the evening before or the morning of surgery. It is important to avoid wearing makeup, lotions, creams, perfumes, or nail polish on the day of surgery, as these can interfere with surgical equipment or increase infection risk. Patients may also be instructed to perform specific eyelid hygiene, such as cleaning their lashes, in the days leading up to the procedure to reduce bacteria around the eye.
Selecting comfortable, loose-fitting clothing for the day of surgery is recommended, with button-down shirts or tops with wide neck openings often suggested. This type of clothing is easier to change into and out of, and can prevent fluids used during surgery from dampening regular attire. Leaving all jewelry, watches, and other valuables at home is also advised to prevent loss or interference with medical equipment.
Getting adequate rest the night before surgery is important for the body’s healing process and immune function. A good night’s sleep can also help manage pre-surgery anxiety. If nervousness makes sleeping difficult, relaxation techniques like deep breathing exercises or listening to calming music can be beneficial.
Arranging for transportation home after the surgery is required. Due to the effects of sedation and potentially blurry vision, patients will not be able to drive themselves. A responsible adult, such as a family member or friend, must drive the patient home and remain with them for several hours post-procedure. Discharge to a taxi or rideshare service is not permitted unless accompanied by a responsible adult.
Last-Minute Confirmations
The night before cataract surgery is a good time to perform final checks of logistical details. Patients should gather all necessary documents, including photo identification and insurance cards, which will be required for registration. Also have any pre-prescribed eye drops ready and accessible, along with a list of all current medications. Bringing a pair of sunglasses for the ride home is practical, as eyes may be sensitive to light after the procedure.
Confirming the exact arrival time and location for the surgery can prevent last-minute stress. Patients should ensure they have the clinic’s contact information available for any questions or unforeseen circumstances. Taking a moment to write down any lingering questions for the medical team can also provide peace of mind before the procedure begins. This final checklist helps ensure all preparations are complete, allowing for a more relaxed and confident approach to the surgery.