Mouthwash is a common product used in daily oral hygiene routines. While generally safe when used as directed, the accidental swallowing of mouthwash is a concern many individuals encounter. Understanding the components of mouthwash and how to respond if it is ingested can help alleviate worry and guide appropriate actions.
Understanding Mouthwash Ingredients and Risks
Mouthwash contains active ingredients that can pose risks if swallowed. Alcohol, or ethanol, is common in many antiseptic mouthwashes, typically ranging from 14% to 27% by volume. It acts as an antiseptic and solvent. Ingesting alcohol-based mouthwash can lead to intoxication or central nervous system depression, with severity depending on the amount swallowed and concentration.
Fluoride is another active ingredient, included for preventing tooth decay by strengthening enamel. Swallowing a significant quantity of fluoride can lead to fluoride toxicity. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. More severe effects are rare but possible with large ingestions. Mouthwashes typically contain fluoride concentrations from 98 ppm to 475 ppm.
Other common ingredients include essential oils, artificial sweeteners, and coloring agents. While generally less toxic than alcohol or fluoride, these can still cause mild digestive upset if swallowed. The overall risk depends on the specific mouthwash type and quantity ingested.
Immediate Steps After Swallowing Mouthwash
If you accidentally swallow mouthwash, remain calm. For a small sip, such as a mouthful or less, rinse your mouth thoroughly with water and spit it out. Then, drink a small glass of water or milk to help dilute any residual mouthwash. Small amounts are generally not considered harmful for adults.
If a larger, but not excessive, quantity is ingested, rinse your mouth thoroughly and drink water or milk for dilution. Avoid inducing vomiting, as this can irritate the esophagus or lead to aspiration into the lungs. After these steps, monitor yourself or the affected individual for any developing symptoms.
When to Seek Medical Attention
Seek immediate professional medical attention if symptoms such as severe or persistent nausea, repeated vomiting, significant abdominal pain, dizziness, unusual drowsiness, confusion, or slurred speech occur. Other concerning signs include difficulty breathing, seizures, or loss of consciousness.
Seek medical attention if a large quantity of mouthwash was swallowed, especially if it was high in alcohol (over 20% ethanol) or contained significant fluoride. Children, particularly toddlers and infants, are vulnerable due to lower body weight; even small amounts can be dangerous for them, necessitating immediate medical evaluation. The same applies to pets.
In such situations, contact a local Poison Control Center immediately at 1-800-222-1222. This national hotline provides free, confidential advice. Provide details about the mouthwash type, estimated amount swallowed, and current symptoms. For severe emergencies (collapse, seizure, trouble breathing, unconsciousness), call 911 immediately.