Accidentally swallowing a small object is a common occurrence, especially for children who explore their environment by putting things in their mouths. In many instances, a small piece of plastic can pass through the digestive system without causing any problems. This article provides guidance on immediate steps to take, when medical attention is necessary, and what to expect as the object passes through the body.
Immediate Steps
The most important first step after swallowing a small piece of plastic is to remain calm. Panic can make the situation worse, particularly if it involves a child. Do not induce vomiting, as this is dangerous and can cause the object to enter the airway, leading to choking or aspiration pneumonia, or injure the esophagus if sharp.
Instead, observe the person closely for any immediate signs of distress. These signs include choking, difficulty breathing, persistent coughing, or unusual sounds when breathing. If these symptoms are absent, encourage normal eating and drinking; consuming food and liquids can help the plastic move through the digestive tract naturally.
When to Contact a Doctor
While small, smooth pieces of plastic often pass harmlessly, certain situations require immediate medical attention. You should contact a healthcare professional if the swallowed plastic is large, sharp, or has jagged edges, as these can cause cuts or blockages in the digestive tract. Contact a doctor if the plastic contains a battery, especially a button battery, or toxic materials like certain resins, due to the risk of chemical burns or poisoning.
The age of the person who swallowed the plastic is also a factor, with infants, toddlers, and the elderly being more vulnerable to complications. Seek medical help if immediate symptoms like persistent coughing, drooling, inability to swallow saliva, chest pain, or difficulty breathing occur. If the person has pre-existing medical conditions affecting their digestive system, consulting a doctor is advisable even for seemingly minor ingestions.
Understanding the Passage and Potential Signs
Once a small, smooth piece of plastic is swallowed, it typically travels through the esophagus, stomach, and intestines. Most such objects pass harmlessly through the digestive system and are expelled from the body. The typical timeframe for passage is 24 to 72 hours, though it can sometimes take longer, even up to a week or more, depending on the object’s characteristics and the individual’s metabolism.
Monitor for the object’s passage by checking stools, but avoid excessive focus. Over the next few days, watch for specific symptoms that could indicate a problem, such as new or worsening abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, blood in the stool or vomit, or fever. These signs suggest that the plastic may be causing irritation, a blockage, or another complication, and warrant prompt medical evaluation.