Wart freezing, also known as cryotherapy, is a common method used to remove benign skin growths caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). This procedure involves applying extremely cold liquid nitrogen to the wart, which freezes and destroys the affected cells. While effective, the process does not conclude immediately after treatment. Proper aftercare is crucial for successful removal and to prevent complications, ensuring optimal healing.
Immediate Post-Treatment Expectations
Immediately following cryotherapy, it is common to experience a stinging or burning sensation at the treated site, which subsides within 10 to 20 minutes. The treated area will likely appear red, and some swelling may develop. Within 24 to 48 hours, a blister is expected to form around the wart, indicating the freezing process was effective. This blister may be clear or blood-filled, both normal reactions. Pain or discomfort similar to a mild burn may persist for one to three days, with the most intense sensation peaking within hours of the procedure.
Caring for the Treated Area
Managing pain after cryotherapy can involve over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen. The blister that forms is a protective cover for the healing skin underneath, so it is important not to pop or pick at it, as this can increase the risk of infection and delay healing. If the blister ruptures on its own, gently clean the area with mild soap and water, then apply an antibiotic ointment and cover it with a bandage.
Maintaining hygiene is important; the treated area can be gently washed daily with mild soap and water. After washing, pat the area dry. Applying petroleum jelly or an antibiotic ointment to the dry area helps promote healing and prevents excessive crusting. Covering the area with a bandage can provide protection, especially if it is in a location prone to friction or injury, such such as fingers or toes.
Signs of Healing and When to Re-Treat
The healing process after cryotherapy involves several stages. The blister will gradually dry out and form a dark scab within one to seven days after treatment. It is important to allow this scab to fall off naturally, which occurs within one to four weeks, revealing new pink skin underneath. The new skin may appear lighter or darker than the surrounding skin, but this discoloration fades over several weeks or months.
If the wart does not disappear completely after the initial treatment, or if it reappears, re-treatment may be necessary. Many warts require multiple cryotherapy sessions for complete removal. It is recommended to wait two to six weeks between treatments to allow the treated area to heal fully before another session. This waiting period allows for assessment of the initial treatment’s effectiveness and helps prevent excessive tissue damage.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While cryotherapy is safe, certain signs indicate medical attention is needed. If the treated area shows spreading redness, increasing pain not alleviated by over-the-counter medication, or develops pus or cloudy drainage, these are signs of an infection. A fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher, or the presence of red streaks extending from the treated site, also warrants immediate medical consultation.
Severe or persistent pain, unusual swelling, or unexpected reactions such as an allergic response should also prompt a call to a healthcare provider. If the wart shows no improvement after several weeks, appears to be growing larger, or spreads to other areas, it is important to seek professional advice.