Laser eye procedures, such as LASIK and PRK, correct vision by reshaping the cornea. The initial healing phase is delicate and requires strict adherence to post-operative instructions for optimal visual stability. Following the surgeon’s guidelines ensures the corneal tissue heals properly and prevents complications. Specific actions must be avoided temporarily to protect the newly treated corneal surface.
Immediate Hygiene and Liquid Exposure
The most immediate restriction is avoiding any physical contact with the eyes. Rubbing or touching the eye is strictly prohibited, particularly during the first week, as it risks dislodging the corneal flap (LASIK) or disrupting the surface layers (PRK). This physical trauma can lead to tissue misalignment and delay the healing process.
Hands carry bacteria, making any contact a significant infection risk when the eye’s protective barriers are compromised. To minimize this risk, patients should avoid getting tap water, soap, or shampoo directly into their eyes for at least the first week. During a shower, keep the eyes closed and avoid direct water spray.
A longer-term restriction involves water activities, as pools, hot tubs, and saunas harbor bacteria and chemicals like chlorine that are irritating to the healing cornea. Patients should avoid swimming in chlorinated pools or using hot tubs for a minimum of two weeks, and sometimes up to one month. Swimming in natural bodies of water, such as lakes, rivers, or the ocean, should be avoided for at least one month due to the concentration of microorganisms.
Eye makeup poses a threat, as particles from products like mascara, eyeliner, and eyeshadow can flake off and contaminate the eye surface. All eye makeup should be avoided for one week post-surgery to prevent irritation and infection. Caution should be exercised when applying facial creams or lotions to ensure no product contacts the immediate eye area.
Physical Exertion and Traumatic Activities
Activities that cause physical strain or increase pressure within the eye are restricted during the initial recovery period. Strenuous exercise, including heavy cardio, weightlifting, and high-impact workouts, should be postponed for at least one week. Exertion can cause sweat to drip into the eyes, introducing bacteria and irritation, and can temporarily increase intraocular pressure (IOP).
Lifting heavy objects must be avoided for approximately one to two weeks, as this action often involves straining or holding one’s breath, known as the Valsalva maneuver. This maneuver causes a spike in IOP, which can stress the healing corneal tissue. Light, non-strenuous activities like walking can usually be resumed after the first 24 to 48 hours.
Contact sports and activities with a high risk of accidental physical trauma to the face or eye require the longest avoidance period. Sports like basketball, boxing, soccer, or martial arts should be avoided for a minimum of one month. Even non-contact sports like racquetball or tennis carry a risk of a ball striking the eye, necessitating caution or protective eyewear.
Environmental Irritants and Visual Fatigue
The healing eye is susceptible to environmental irritants that can cause dryness or introduce foreign particles. Exposure to dusty environments, such as gardening or construction sites, should be avoided for at least the first week. All sources of smoke, including tobacco or fire, must also be avoided as the particulate matter interferes with corneal healing and increases irritation.
Direct, unprotected sunlight is an irritant because the eyes are often light-sensitive after surgery. Patients must wear UV-blocking sunglasses outdoors immediately following the procedure and for several months afterward to shield the cornea from harmful ultraviolet radiation. This protects the tissue and helps manage temporary light sensitivity.
Activities that promote visual fatigue and dryness, such as prolonged use of digital screens, reading, or close-up work, should be significantly limited for the first 24 hours. The focused nature of these tasks causes a reduction in the natural blinking rate, which can exacerbate dry eye symptoms. After the initial rest period, frequent breaks and lubricating eye drops are recommended to maintain corneal moisture.
Patients should be cautious around sources of forced air, such as hair dryers, ceiling fans, or direct air conditioning vents. The movement of air can dry out the corneal surface quickly, leading to discomfort and irritation. Driving is restricted for at least 24 to 48 hours until the surgeon confirms that the patient’s vision has stabilized to a safe standard.