Hearing aids are sophisticated microelectronic devices designed to amplify sound and significantly improve quality of life. These complex instruments contain sensitive electronic components that demand appropriate handling and maintenance for optimal performance. Avoiding certain environmental exposures and activities is necessary for preventing damage, maintaining sound clarity, and avoiding expensive repairs or interruptions in device use.
Environmental Elements That Cause Damage
Moisture poses a considerable threat to the intricate circuitry within hearing aids, primarily through corrosion and short circuits. Sweat is particularly damaging because it contains salt, which accelerates the corrosion of metal contacts and components once it seeps inside the device casing. Direct water exposure, such as from swimming or showering, can flood the internal electronics, leading to immediate device failure.
High levels of humidity, especially in environments like bathrooms with hot showers, steam rooms, or saunas, can also cause problems. Moisture in the air can infiltrate the device and condense on internal components, leading to trapped condensation that damages the sensitive microphone and receiver. Sudden temperature changes, such as moving from a cold outdoor environment into a warm indoor space, can also cause condensation to form inside the hearing aid.
Extreme heat must also be avoided, as it can physically damage the hearing aid’s shell and battery. Leaving devices in a hot car, near an oven, or using a hair dryer on them can cause the plastic casing to warp and reduce the lifespan of the battery. The combination of heat and humidity rapidly degrades the performance and structural integrity of the electronic device.
Chemical and Product Exposure
A wide array of common cosmetic and personal care products contain chemicals that can harm the delicate parts of a hearing aid. Products containing aerosols, alcohol, or solvents should never come into direct contact with the devices, as these substances can degrade the plastic shell or damage tubing and domes. Fine particles from hairspray, perfumes, or cologne can easily clog the tiny microphone ports, resulting in muffled or distorted sound.
Creams, lotions, and oil-based products like sunscreen or bug repellent can coat the device, obstructing sound inlets and damaging internal membranes. To prevent chemical exposure, hearing aids should be removed before applying these products to the skin or hair. Wait until the products have fully dried and the air is clear of any lingering aerosols before placing the aids back in the ear. Household cleaning products or industrial solvents should also be strictly avoided, as these contain aggressive chemicals that cause irreversible damage to the device materials.
Errors in Cleaning and Storage
Improper cleaning techniques can cause more harm than the debris they are meant to remove. Users should never use sharp objects like pins, needles, or toothpicks to clean wax or debris from the sound ports. Poking or prying at the ports can push earwax deeper into the device, creating a severe blockage, or can puncture and permanently damage the microphone or receiver.
Cleaning fluids containing alcohol, household cleaners, or excessive amounts of water should not be used on the devices. These chemicals can damage the coating and internal electronics, while water can easily seep through seals and corrode the circuitry. Hearing aids should only be cleaned using the specialized tools, soft cloths, and cleaning products recommended by the manufacturer or hearing professional.
Improper storage can also lead to accidental damage or loss. Devices should be stored in a protective case or a dedicated drying unit when not in use, away from pets or small children. For devices using disposable batteries, the battery door should be opened overnight to conserve battery life and allow any accumulated moisture to evaporate from the compartment.
Medical and High-Impact Situations
A highly specific situation requiring the removal of hearing aids is undergoing a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan. The powerful magnetic field generated by an MRI machine can significantly damage the electronic components of a hearing aid, including the microphone and receiver. Most hearing aids contain metal components that can be strongly attracted to the magnet, posing a risk of device malfunction or injury to the wearer.
While some modern devices are labeled as MRI-safe under specific conditions, it is generally recommended to remove all external hearing aids before entering the MRI room. Hearing aids should also be removed during high-impact physical activities or contact sports where a hard blow to the head or ear is possible. Such impacts can mechanically damage the device or cause physical harm to the ear canal. Removal is also generally advised for procedures like X-rays or CT scans, though the primary concern is image interference rather than device damage.