A hemorrhoid is a cluster of swollen veins located either inside the rectum (internal) or under the skin around the anus (external). The term “popped” usually refers to the rupture of an external thrombosed hemorrhoid, where a blood clot has formed. When this pressure builds, the hemorrhoid wall can tear, releasing the trapped blood and often providing immediate pain relief. While the sight of bright red blood can be alarming, a ruptured hemorrhoid is generally manageable at home. Understanding the correct immediate and ongoing care steps is necessary for proper healing.
Immediate Response to Acute Bleeding
The priority immediately following a rupture is to control bleeding and maintain hygiene in the affected area. A burst hemorrhoid typically bleeds for a short duration, usually a few seconds up to about ten minutes. Applying light, direct pressure helps the vessel clot. Use a clean piece of gauze or a soft, folded cloth and hold it gently against the bleeding site.
Once the initial flow has slowed or stopped, the area must be cleaned very carefully to prevent irritation or infection. Avoid using dry, rough toilet paper, which can be abrasive to the newly ruptured skin. Instead, gently dab the area with warm water or use unscented, pre-moistened wipes specifically designed for hemorrhoid care. These wipes often contain soothing ingredients like witch hazel.
Avoid scrubbing or rubbing the area during cleaning, as this can dislodge a forming clot or further damage the compromised tissue. Pat the skin dry with a soft cloth or allow it to air-dry before applying topical treatments. The goal of this acute response is to stabilize the bleeding and ensure the area is clean without causing additional trauma.
Managing Discomfort and Promoting Healing
Once the initial bleeding is addressed, the focus shifts to reducing swelling and supporting the natural healing process over the next few days. Frequent warm sitz baths are an effective treatment for a ruptured hemorrhoid. Soaking the anal area in a few inches of warm water for 10 to 20 minutes, two to three times a day, helps cleanse the wound and relax the anal sphincter muscles. This muscle relaxation improves blood flow to the area, which promotes tissue repair.
Over-the-counter topical treatments can provide localized relief from pain and inflammation. Ointments or creams containing hydrocortisone can help reduce swelling and itching, though these should only be used for short periods as directed. Products containing witch hazel, often found in medicated pads, act as an astringent to soothe the irritated skin. For pain, acetaminophen or ibuprofen can be taken orally to manage discomfort throughout the day.
Preventing strain during bowel movements is necessary for proper healing. Hard stools can re-injure the area, so increasing dietary fiber intake through fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is recommended. Drinking water also helps soften the stool, making it easier to pass. If dietary changes are insufficient, a fiber supplement or stool softener can be used temporarily to ensure bowel movements are soft and effortless.
Recognizing Signs of Serious Complication
While most ruptured hemorrhoids heal without intervention, certain symptoms indicate that home care is not sufficient and medical attention is required. The most serious concern is bleeding that is continuous, meaning the flow does not slow down or stop after about ten minutes of applying pressure. If the amount of blood fills the toilet bowl with each episode or if large blood clots are passed frequently, immediate medical evaluation is necessary.
Signs of infection include a persistent fever, a noticeable increase in pain or swelling around the rupture, or the presence of a foul-smelling discharge. The pain associated with a thrombosed hemorrhoid should decrease substantially after rupture. Therefore, increasing pain after the event is a warning sign.
Systemic symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, or feeling faint are signs of significant blood loss. While it is common for hemorrhoids to cause minor bleeding, these symptoms suggest the body needs medical attention. Any dark or tarry stools, which can signify bleeding higher up in the digestive tract, also warrant consultation to rule out other conditions.