For many in the Northern Hemisphere, December means winter. In Australia, however, its geographical position means seasons are opposite to those north of the equator, presenting a different seasonal experience. This article clarifies Australia’s December weather.
Australia’s December Season
December marks the official start of summer in Australia, a season that extends through January and February. This seasonal difference arises from the Earth’s axial tilt. As the Earth orbits the sun, this tilt causes the Southern Hemisphere to angle towards the sun during what is winter in the Northern Hemisphere. Australia consequently receives more direct sunlight, longer days, and warmer temperatures in December.
Characteristics of Australian Summer
Australian summers are characterized by warm to hot temperatures and abundant sunshine. Average daytime temperatures vary significantly. Sydney typically sees ranges from 18.6°C to 25.8°C, while Brisbane experiences 21°C to 30°C. Melbourne’s temperatures generally range from 14°C to 25°C, but like Adelaide (16°C to 28°C), it can experience days soaring above 40°C. Heatwaves are common, particularly in central and southern regions, where temperatures can exceed 40°C and sometimes reach over 50°C in inland areas. These events contribute to bushfire risks, especially in southern states. Thunderstorms are also common, providing a temporary break from the heat in eastern areas.
Regional Differences and Summer Activities
Australia’s vast size results in diverse climate experiences during summer, varying significantly from its tropical north to its temperate south. In the tropical northern regions, including parts of Queensland and the Northern Territory, December falls within the “wet season” (November to April). This period brings high humidity, monsoonal rains, and tropical storms, with temperatures in places like Darwin ranging from 24°C to 32°C. Southern states like Victoria, Tasmania, and South Australia generally experience a hot and dry summer, though Tasmania offers milder conditions suitable for hiking.
The summer season shapes many popular Australian activities. Beach visits are common, with iconic locations like Bondi Beach drawing crowds for swimming and surfing. Outdoor gatherings and barbecues are a cherished part of the Christmas and New Year period, offering a warm-weather celebration. Exploring marine life through snorkeling or diving at the Great Barrier Reef is popular, despite marine stingers in some northern waters. Visitors can also enjoy wildlife spotting on Kangaroo Island or witness the penguin parade on Phillip Island.