Bladder tumors are abnormal growths that can develop within the bladder. When faced with such a diagnosis, a common concern is whether the growth is cancerous or non-cancerous. Understanding the nature of these tumors is an important step in navigating health decisions.
Understanding Bladder Tumors
Most growths discovered in the bladder are not benign. The vast majority of bladder tumors are cancerous. Truly benign bladder tumors are uncommon, accounting for fewer than 1% of all bladder masses. Bladder cancer makes up over 90% of cases in industrialized nations.
A benign tumor is a non-cancerous growth that does not invade nearby tissues or spread to other parts of the body. Examples of benign bladder tumors include papillomas, which arise from the bladder lining, and leiomyomas, which originate in the smooth muscle of the bladder wall. Other types are hemangiomas, neurofibromas, fibromas, and lipomas, each stemming from different bladder tissues.
Identifying Bladder Tumors
Distinguishing between benign and malignant bladder tumors requires specific medical evaluation. The diagnostic process often begins with a cystoscopy, where a thin, lighted tube is inserted into the bladder to allow a doctor to visually inspect the bladder lining. If any suspicious areas are identified during this procedure, a biopsy is performed to collect tissue samples.
Biopsy and pathological examination of the tissue under a microscope are the only definitive ways to determine if a bladder growth is benign or malignant. Imaging tests, such as CT scans and MRI scans, also play a role in visualizing the bladder and surrounding structures, helping to assess the size and location of a tumor. Urinalysis and urine cytology, which involve examining urine for abnormal cells, can also provide supporting information in the diagnostic process.
Care for Benign Bladder Growths
If a bladder growth is confirmed to be benign, the approach to care focuses on monitoring and removal. Treatment plans are tailored to the specific type of benign tumor found. Benign tumors can sometimes cause symptoms like bleeding or urinary obstruction if they grow large enough.
Surgical removal is often recommended for benign growths, especially if they are causing symptoms or if there is any uncertainty about their long-term behavior. This is typically done through a transurethral resection, a minimally invasive procedure. For certain benign masses, a doctor might suggest a strategy of careful surveillance rather than immediate removal. Regular follow-up appointments are important to ensure the growth does not change or cause new problems.