The area under the left breast houses several important organs. Understanding their general location can help clarify why certain sensations might occur. This article provides general information about the anatomy and common causes of discomfort in this region.
Organs Beneath the Left Breast
The upper left abdominal quadrant houses several significant organs. The spleen is located high in the upper left abdomen, behind the stomach and under the diaphragm. It filters blood, removes old red blood cells, and plays a role in the immune system.
The stomach is positioned in the upper left abdomen, partially behind the lower ribs. It initiates food digestion. The tail end of the pancreas extends into this region, behind the stomach, producing digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin.
The upper pole of the left kidney extends upwards into this area, behind the abdominal cavity. Kidneys filter waste products from the blood. The lower lobe of the left lung and the diaphragm are located above the abdominal organs, with the diaphragm separating the chest from the abdomen.
A portion of the heart is situated in the chest cavity, slightly to the left. Though not directly under the breast, its proximity means issues can be perceived in the general vicinity, as discomfort from one organ can be felt in a nearby area.
Common Causes of Discomfort
Discomfort under the left breast can stem from various sources. Gastrointestinal issues are frequent culprits. Gastritis, an inflammation of the stomach lining, often causes pain in the upper left abdomen. Acid reflux (GERD) involves stomach acid flowing back into the esophagus, leading to burning sensations. Stomach ulcers, open sores in the stomach lining, can also cause localized pain.
Musculoskeletal problems are another common origin. Costochondritis, an inflammation of cartilage connecting ribs to the breastbone, causes sharp chest pain that worsens with movement or pressure. Muscle strains in the chest wall or irritation of intercostal nerves can also lead to localized pain.
Issues with the spleen, such as splenomegaly (enlarged spleen), can cause fullness or discomfort under the left ribs. Pancreatitis, inflammation of the pancreas, typically presents with severe upper abdominal pain that may radiate to the back. Kidney stones or infections in the left kidney can cause flank pain that sometimes radiates forward. Pain from the lower part of the left lung can also be felt as referred pain under the left breast.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While many causes of discomfort under the left breast are benign, certain symptoms warrant medical evaluation. Severe or sudden pain in this area should be assessed by a healthcare professional.
Pain accompanied by shortness of breath, dizziness, or fainting requires immediate medical attention. Pain that radiates to the arm, jaw, or back may suggest a cardiac concern. Discomfort with fever, chills, or persistent vomiting indicates a need for professional assessment. Pain that worsens with movement or deep breaths, or any persistent or worsening pain, should also be brought to a doctor’s attention. Any new, unexplained lumps or changes in the area also warrant a medical consultation.