The belly button, also known as the navel or umbilicus, is a familiar and easily recognizable landmark on the human body. It represents the scar left behind from the umbilical cord, which connected a baby to its mother during development. The belly button serves as an important external reference point, marking a central area of the abdomen. Understanding the anatomy in this area helps comprehend the internal structures.
The Abdominal Wall and Cavity
The abdominal wall provides a protective covering for the internal organs, composed of several layers that include skin, superficial fascia, muscles, and a deep membrane. Beneath these outer layers, muscles such as the rectus abdominis and the internal and external obliques contribute to the wall’s strength and flexibility. These layers collectively encase the abdominal cavity, which is a large space within the trunk.
The abdominal cavity houses numerous internal organs and is bounded by the diaphragm above, the pelvic cavity below, and the vertebral column and abdominal muscles surrounding it. Lining this cavity and covering most of its organs is the peritoneum, a thin, smooth membrane. The peritoneum consists of two layers: the parietal peritoneum, which lines the abdominal wall, and the visceral peritoneum, which wraps around the organs. This membrane secretes a lubricating fluid, allowing organs to move smoothly against each other with minimal friction.
Primary Organs in the Navel Region
The organs most commonly found directly behind and immediately around the belly button are parts of the intestines. The coils of the small intestine, specifically the jejunum and ileum, are the most prominent structures directly posterior to the navel. The small intestine is a long tube, measuring approximately 22 feet (7 meters) in length, and it occupies much of the central abdominal space. Its primary role involves the continued digestion of food and the absorption of nutrients.
Another significant component in this central area is the large intestine. The transverse colon, a section of the large intestine, crosses the upper part of the navel region. The transverse colon can descend to the level of the umbilicus. The large intestine is responsible for absorbing water and forming stool.
While not directly behind the navel, other organs are situated within the broader umbilical region. This broader region can include a portion of the stomach, the head of the pancreas, and the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine. Additionally, the lower aspects of both the left and right kidneys can extend into this general area. The liver is located in the upper right part of the abdomen, and the main body of the pancreas lies behind the stomach.
Understanding Your Abdominal Health
Understanding the basic anatomy of the abdominal region can help individuals better interpret common bodily sensations. This knowledge helps in recognizing feelings associated with digestion and understanding the location of various internal processes. The navel itself serves as a useful anatomical landmark for healthcare providers, assisting in the diagnosis and localization of various conditions.
It can help in discerning when a symptom might warrant medical attention, such as persistent discomfort or unusual changes in the umbilical region. However, this anatomical knowledge is for general understanding and should not be used for self-diagnosis. For any health concerns or persistent symptoms, seeking professional medical advice is always recommended.