Determining the correct order for using dental floss, a toothbrush, and mouthwash is essential for an effective oral hygiene routine. Optimizing the sequence ensures each tool performs its specific function without undermining the benefits of the others. A structured approach maximizes plaque removal and the protective effects of dental products.
The Specific Function of Flossing, Brushing, and Rinsing
Flossing is specifically engineered to remove the sticky bacterial film, known as plaque, and food particles from the tight spaces between teeth and slightly beneath the gumline. These interdental areas are impossible for a toothbrush’s bristles to reach effectively.
Brushing, on the other hand, is primarily responsible for cleaning the large, accessible surfaces of the teeth—the front, back, and chewing surfaces. Brushing with toothpaste delivers fluoride, a mineral compound that helps repair and strengthen tooth enamel against acid attacks. The brush acts as a vehicle to spread this protective agent across the entire tooth structure.
Mouthwash serves a final, supplementary role, rinsing away loosened debris or bacteria remaining after mechanical cleaning. Some formulations contain therapeutic ingredients, such as fluoride or antimicrobial agents, to reduce the overall bacterial load. However, mouthwash is not a substitute for the physical removal of plaque provided by flossing and brushing.
The Expert-Recommended Oral Hygiene Sequence
The sequence recommended by most dental professionals is to floss first, then brush, and then use mouthwash last, if at all. This order is supported by studies showing it results in greater plaque reduction and higher retention of protective fluoride. Flossing acts as the preparatory step, physically loosening interdental plaque and trapped food particles. Once debris is dislodged, brushing effectively sweeps away this material.
Brushing immediately after flossing allows the fluoride in the toothpaste to reach newly exposed tooth surfaces and the spaces between teeth. This access is important for the remineralization and hardening of enamel that fluoride provides.
The final step, if desired, is a quick rinse with mouthwash to clear any final traces of debris. This rinse should be done sparingly, or a fluoride-containing mouthwash must be used. Rinsing with water or non-fluoride mouthwash immediately after brushing can wash away the concentrated fluoride layer intended to maximize protective action.
Maximizing Effectiveness: Timing and Rationale
For optimal results, the residual toothpaste film should be left on the teeth after brushing. Spit out the excess but avoid a vigorous rinse with water. This practice maintains the high concentration of fluoride on the enamel surfaces, which is crucial for strengthening the teeth. Mechanical cleaning should be performed twice daily, with flossing occurring at least once per day.
Timing the routine around meals requires attention, particularly if acidic foods or drinks have been consumed. Consuming items like citrus fruits or soda temporarily softens the tooth enamel, a process called demineralization. Brushing immediately afterward can physically abrade the softened enamel, leading to long-term wear. It is advisable to wait 30 to 60 minutes after consuming anything acidic to allow saliva to neutralize the acids and begin remineralization before brushing.