A retainer is a customized orthodontic appliance designed to maintain the alignment of teeth after corrective treatment, such as braces or clear aligners. This device, often made from plastic, acrylic, or a combination of plastic and wire, prevents the teeth from gradually shifting back toward their original positions. The long-term success of any orthodontic treatment relies heavily on consistent retainer use and proper care. Failing to adopt the right care regimen can compromise the device’s fit and effectiveness, necessitating costly replacements.
Mistakes While Cleaning and Sanitizing
One of the most common errors involves exposing the retainer to excessive heat, which can permanently distort the appliance. Retainers, particularly the clear, removable type, are made from thermoplastic materials that soften and warp when subjected to hot or boiling water, a dishwasher cycle, or a microwave. This structural change affects the retainer’s precise fit, rendering it ineffective. Always use lukewarm or cool water when cleaning and soaking the device to preserve its shape.
Another frequent mistake is using standard toothpaste to brush the retainer, which is highly discouraged by orthodontists. Most toothpastes contain abrasive particles, like calcium carbonate or silica, intended to scrub enamel. These abrasive components can create microscopic scratches on the retainer’s plastic surface. These imperfections become breeding grounds for bacteria and plaque, leading to odors, cloudiness, and compromised oral hygiene. Instead of toothpaste, use a mild, non-abrasive soap, specialized retainer cleaning tablets, or a solution of water and vinegar to gently brush the device.
Do not attempt to clean the appliance with harsh household chemicals, such as bleach, alcohol, or concentrated mouthwash, unless specifically advised by an orthodontist. These substances can degrade the plastic or acrylic materials, making them brittle and susceptible to cracking. Certain colored mouthwashes may contain dyes that can permanently stain the clear plastic. Opting for gentle, approved cleaning solutions maintains the retainer’s integrity and ensures its longevity.
Wearing Habits That Cause Damage
Wearing the retainer while eating is a practice that can cause structural damage to the appliance. The forces involved in chewing can easily crack, bend, or warp the plastic material, especially if biting into hard or crunchy foods. Chewing also accelerates the wear and tear of the device, leading to a compromised fit.
Leaving the retainer in while consuming sugary or acidic beverages is highly discouraged. When liquid is trapped between the retainer and the teeth, the device seals the sugars and acids against the tooth surface. This creates a concentrated environment that encourages bacterial growth, raising the risk of tooth decay and enamel erosion. Only plain water should be consumed while the retainer is being worn.
Avoid habits like chewing gum or hard candies with the retainer in place, as sticky substances can pull the device out of shape or adhere to the surface. Resist the urge to continuously fiddle with the appliance using the tongue or fingers. Excess manipulation can place stress on the wires of a Hawley retainer or cause stress fractures in a clear plastic retainer, potentially loosening its fit over time.
Errors in Storage and Handling
One of the most common ways people lose or damage their retainer is by wrapping it in a napkin or tissue during a meal. This practice leads to accidental disposal, as the appliance is easily mistaken for trash and thrown away. Always carry and use the protective case provided by the orthodontist when the retainer is out of the mouth.
Never store the retainer outside of its protective case, especially in open air or on a bedside table. Leaving the device exposed increases its risk of contamination and physical damage. Pets are frequently drawn to retainers because of the human saliva scent, often resulting in the appliance being chewed beyond repair.
Avoid leaving the protective case in environments where it might be exposed to extreme temperatures, such as inside a hot car or near a window in direct sunlight. As the plastic is heat-sensitive, this exposure can cause the material to soften and lose its shape. If the retainer becomes damaged or stops fitting correctly, do not attempt to adjust or repair it yourself. Any necessary modifications should only be performed by a qualified orthodontist.