Dental floss is an important tool for interdental cleaning, removing plaque and trapped food debris from spaces a toothbrush cannot effectively reach. This practice disrupts the bacterial film that forms on tooth surfaces, helping to prevent cavities and gum disease. While all floss performs this basic function, the addition of a wax coating creates a distinct product.
Composition and Purpose of Wax
The coating on waxed floss is a thin layer applied over the nylon or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) thread. This coating is typically made from natural waxes like beeswax or carnauba wax, or synthetic options such as microcrystalline wax or paraffin.
The primary mechanical purpose of the wax is to bind the multiple fine fiber strands together, creating a cohesive thread. The wax layer acts as a lubricant, significantly reducing friction as the floss passes between teeth. This smooth surface distinguishes waxed floss from its unwaxed counterpart. The coating may also contain flavorings, such as spearmint or peppermint oil.
Handling Characteristics and User Experience
The wax coating fundamentally changes how the floss handles during use by providing an easier sliding motion. This lubrication is particularly noticeable when inserting the floss through tight contact points between adjacent teeth, allowing it to slip through snug spaces with less resistance.
Another benefit of the wax is the prevention of shredding or fraying. The unified structure of the waxed thread is more durable and less likely to catch on rough spots, fillings, or dental work. A trade-off exists, however, as the added wax layer makes the floss strand slightly thicker than a comparable unwaxed thread.
Choosing Between Waxed and Unwaxed Floss
The choice between waxed and unwaxed floss should be based on the specific spacing and condition of an individual’s teeth. Waxed floss is often recommended for individuals who have tightly spaced teeth, as the coating provides the necessary glide for smooth insertion. It is also a good starting point for new users because the reduced friction and shredding make the practice less frustrating.
Conversely, unwaxed floss may be preferred by those seeking a thinner profile, which can navigate extremely narrow gaps more easily, despite the increased risk of snapping or fraying. Research has not shown a significant difference in the cleaning effectiveness of either type. Ultimately, the floss that encourages consistent daily use is the better choice for maintaining oral health.