The urinary meatus is the external opening of the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body. This small orifice serves as the final exit point for urine and is also known as the external urethral orifice.
Where It Is and What It Does
In males, the urinary meatus is located at the tip of the glans penis. It often appears as a vertical slit, which aids in directing the flow of urine. In some instances, the opening may be more rounded, either naturally or due to factors like circumcision. This opening is a sensitive part of the male anatomy.
For females, the urinary meatus is situated within the vulval vestibule, behind the clitoris and directly in front of the vaginal opening. It presents as a short, sagittal cleft with raised edges. To its sides are the openings of Skene’s glands.
Urine, after being filtered by the kidneys and stored in the bladder, travels through the urethra to this external opening. In males, the meatus also serves as the exit point for semen during ejaculation. The meatus is lined with a mucous membrane and specialized tissue, which contributes to its protective barrier.
Common Concerns and When to See a Doctor
Irritation or discomfort around the urinary meatus can occur due to various reasons, including infections, friction, or certain chemical exposures. Symptoms may include redness, itching, or a burning sensation during urination. Maintaining good hygiene is helpful, but persistent symptoms warrant medical attention.
Pain or discharge from the urinary meatus require evaluation by a healthcare professional. Discharge can vary in color and consistency and may indicate an infection, such as a urinary tract infection or a sexually transmitted infection. Pain during urination, known as dysuria, can signal an underlying issue.
Narrowing of the urinary meatus, a condition called meatal stenosis, can obstruct the flow of urine. This can lead to symptoms like a weak or spraying urine stream, difficulty emptying the bladder, or recurrent urinary tract infections. If you notice a significant change in your urinary stream, consult a doctor. Congenital conditions like epispadias or hypospadias, where the meatus is misplaced, can also occur.
Any unusual growths, sores, or changes in the appearance of the urinary meatus should be examined by a medical professional. Prompt evaluation is important for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.