The tablet marked with the imprint “T 259” is Trazodone Hydrochloride, typically in a 100 milligram (mg) strength. This prescription medication is primarily classified as an antidepressant, although it is widely recognized for its sedative properties. Accurate confirmation is necessary when identifying any medication found outside of its original packaging. The 100 mg strength is a common dose used to manage various conditions under a healthcare professional’s guidance.
Physical Identification and Drug Name
The medication is formally known by its generic name, Trazodone Hydrochloride. It is chemically categorized as a serotonin modulator, which is a class of antidepressant medications. While appearance can vary slightly by manufacturer, Trazodone Hydrochloride tablets are generally round or sometimes capsule-shaped.
The distinguishing feature is the “T 259” imprint, often found on one side. The 100 mg strength is most commonly white and may have a score line allowing it to be broken in half. This physical profile helps confirm the drug’s contents and dosage before administration.
Primary Medical Uses
The primary indication for Trazodone is the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). It alleviates symptoms associated with depression, such as persistent low mood, loss of interest, and changes in sleep or appetite. The drug influences chemical messengers in the brain, known as neurotransmitters.
Trazodone functions as a Serotonin Antagonist and Reuptake Inhibitor (SARI). It blocks certain serotonin receptors, specifically the 5-HT2A receptors, and inhibits the reuptake of serotonin. This action increases the amount of available serotonin in the synaptic cleft, which improves communication between nerve cells and contributes to its antidepressant properties.
Trazodone is also frequently prescribed off-label at lower doses for the management of insomnia. Its ability to block histamine (H1) and alpha-1 adrenergic receptors causes significant sedation. This sedative effect makes it a common choice for patients who have difficulty sleeping, especially when sleep issues are related to depression or anxiety.
Dosage, Administration, and Proper Handling
Trazodone is available in various strengths, with the 100 mg tablet being a common step in dose titration.
Dosage for Depression
For treating depression, the starting dose is typically around 150 mg per day, administered in divided doses. A healthcare provider may gradually increase this dosage by 50 mg increments every three to four days. The maximum dose for outpatients is generally 400 mg per day.
Dosage for Insomnia
When used for insomnia, the dosage is often lower, typically ranging from 50 mg to 100 mg taken once daily at bedtime.
Administration and Handling
Trazodone should be taken exactly as prescribed by a physician, generally after a meal or light snack. Taking the medication with food helps decrease the risk of dizziness and lightheadedness.
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered unless it is nearly time for the next scheduled dose. Never double the dose to make up for a missed one, as this increases the risk of side effects. Store Trazodone tablets at room temperature, away from excessive moisture, heat, and direct light.
Understanding Potential Side Effects and Safety
Trazodone carries a risk of side effects, ranging from common and manageable to rare and serious. The most frequently experienced side effects result from the drug’s action on various receptors.
Common Side Effects
Common side effects often include:
- Drowsiness or sedation
- Dizziness
- Dry mouth
- Blurred vision
- Constipation
Serious Risks
More serious adverse events require immediate medical attention. One rare but serious risk is priapism, a prolonged and painful erection requiring emergency intervention. Trazodone can also cause orthostatic hypotension, a sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing, leading to dizziness or fainting, especially in older adults.
Patients should be vigilant for signs of Serotonin Syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition caused by excessive serotonin activity. Symptoms include agitation, hallucinations, rapid heart rate, fever, muscle stiffness, and coordination problems. Furthermore, as with many antidepressants, Trazodone carries a warning regarding the increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior, particularly in children, adolescents, and young adults.
Drug Interactions
It is strongly advised not to combine Trazodone with alcohol or other central nervous system (CNS) depressants, as this combination can significantly enhance sedative effects. Individuals must discuss all other medications with their doctor, especially other serotonergic drugs or Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs), to prevent dangerous drug interactions. This information serves as a guide, but is not a substitute for professional medical advice, and the pill should only be taken under a doctor’s supervision.