The Laser-Assisted New Attachment Procedure, or LANAP, is a patented surgical therapy specifically designed for treating moderate to severe periodontitis. This treatment uses a specialized dental laser to target and remove the infection residing deep within the periodontal pockets surrounding the teeth. The procedure’s primary purpose is to address the destruction of gum tissue and bone caused by chronic bacterial infection.
The LANAP Protocol Steps
The success of the LANAP protocol relies on a precise, multi-step sequence performed using a specialized laser known as the PerioLase MVP-7, a free-running pulsed Nd:YAG laser. Treatment begins with a periodontist measuring the depth of the gum pockets using a thin probe to assess the extent of gum detachment from the tooth root. This measurement establishes a baseline for the disease severity and guides the subsequent laser application.
The first pass of the laser fiber is then inserted into the infected pocket. The 1064 nm wavelength selectively vaporizes the diseased, infected tissue and destroys harmful bacteria. This process leaves the underlying healthy gum tissue largely undisturbed. The laser energy also alerts the practitioner to the presence of hardened plaque, known as calculus or tartar, on the root surface.
Following the initial pass, specialized ultrasonic scalers and hand instruments are employed to remove the calculus deposits from the root surface below the gum line. The laser energy assists by denaturing the deposits, making the subsequent mechanical removal more efficient. Cleaning the root surface creates a foundation for reattachment.
The second and final pass of the laser is performed to achieve two distinct biological objectives. This pass sterilizes the newly cleaned pocket, eradicating any remaining bacteria, and simultaneously stimulates the underlying tissue. The laser energy encourages the formation of a stable, sticky fibrin blood clot at the base of the pocket, which acts as a biological seal to protect the treated area.
The clot functions like a natural band-aid, preventing new germs from entering and creating an optimal environment for healing. The gum tissue is then gently compressed against the tooth’s root surface to secure this clot. A final step may involve adjusting the patient’s bite to eliminate traumatic forces on the treated teeth where bone support has been compromised.
Recovery and Aftercare
The healing process following the LANAP procedure is typically less demanding than that of traditional gum surgery. Patients often experience only minimal discomfort and swelling immediately following the procedure. The most important aspect of initial aftercare involves protecting the newly formed blood clots.
Patients are required to adhere to a specific soft-food diet for the initial healing phase. This modification prevents chewing force from dislodging the protective clot. Patients are also instructed to avoid using straws or creating strong suction in the mouth, as this could disturb the seal.
Follow-up visits are necessary to monitor the healing and ensure the long-term success of the treatment. The LANAP protocol is designed to promote true regeneration of the attachment apparatus. This biological response encourages the body to regrow new cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone.
Comparing Approaches to Gum Disease
The distinction between LANAP and traditional periodontal surgery centers on tissue management. Traditional surgery requires a periodontist to use a scalpel to make incisions, cut away the gum tissue, and lift a flap to gain visual access to the infected root and bone. The gums are then repositioned and sutured back into place.
This conventional approach often results in a degree of gum recession. By contrast, LANAP is a non-incisional procedure. The laser selectively ablates only the diseased tissue and bacteria while preserving the healthy gum and connective tissue.
Traditional surgery frequently involves recontouring the jawbone to lessen pocket depth. The LANAP protocol preserves the existing healthy gum architecture. It focuses on stimulating the body’s innate ability to regenerate the bone and ligament attachment.
Who is a Candidate for LANAP?
The LANAP procedure is generally recommended for individuals diagnosed with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis. These patients typically exhibit deep periodontal pockets and show signs of bone loss around the teeth.
Patients who have certain systemic health conditions, such as diabetes or a history of heart issues, are suitable candidates. The minimally invasive nature of the procedure makes it a favored option in these complex cases.