Witnessing a motor vehicle crash is a jarring and high-stress event. However, the swift action of a bystander can directly influence the outcomes for those involved. Having a clear, sequential plan is the most effective way to manage the situation, ensuring your safety and maximizing aid to victims. Initial steps focus on containment and communication, establishing a secure perimeter before any other intervention occurs.
Securing Your Location and Assessing Immediate Danger
Prioritize your personal safety and the security of the scene immediately after witnessing a crash. Safely stop your vehicle by pulling completely off the road and parking a significant distance away from the crash site. Parking at least 100 feet back allows space for emergency vehicles to maneuver. Once stopped, immediately turn on your hazard lights to alert oncoming traffic, especially in low-visibility areas.
Before approaching the scene, perform a rapid assessment for immediate environmental hazards. Look for fire, leaking fuel, downed power lines, or dense smoke, which pose risks of explosion or electrocution. If these dangers are present, do not leave your vehicle. Active traffic is also a significant hazard, so ensure the flow of vehicles has stopped or diverted before stepping onto the roadway. Only proceed toward the crash site if you can do so without putting yourself in harm’s way.
Making the Emergency Call
After securing your position and determining the scene is safe, calling the local emergency number is the next priority. Do not assume someone else has contacted authorities, as multiple calls help confirm the location and severity. Remaining calm ensures the accurate transfer of information to the dispatcher.
The dispatcher will require the precise location, so provide cross streets, mile markers, or GPS coordinates. Provide a concise description of the situation, including the number of vehicles involved and any visible injuries, smoke, or fire. Specifically request the dispatch of police, ambulance, and fire services to ensure all necessary first responders are notified. Remain on the line and answer all questions clearly until the dispatcher tells you that you can hang up.
Actions While Awaiting First Responders
After the emergency call, your role shifts to scene management and providing safe, non-medical assistance while awaiting professionals. If available, deploy flares or reflective warning triangles to secure the perimeter and alert oncoming drivers. When approaching victims, maintain a calm presence and let them know that help is en route.
Do not attempt to move an injured person unless they are in immediate danger, such as from fire, as moving them can worsen spinal injuries. Provide comfort by speaking quietly and keeping them awake by asking simple questions like their name. This interaction helps monitor their level of consciousness. If safe, document the scene by taking photos of vehicle positions, damage, and debris before law enforcement arrives. Gather contact information from any other bystanders, as their accounts can be invaluable to the investigation.