The “dangly thing” in the back of the throat is the uvula. This small, teardrop-shaped tissue hangs from the middle of the soft palate, the fleshy rear part of the roof of the mouth. It is composed of connective tissue, muscle fibers, and glands.
The Uvula’s Function
The uvula contributes to several bodily processes, though its exact importance is still being researched. During swallowing, the soft palate and uvula move together, closing off the nasopharynx to prevent food or liquid from entering the nasal cavity. This directs food and drink toward the esophagus.
The uvula also plays a role in speech articulation. In many languages, including French, Arabic, and Hebrew, specific consonant sounds, known as uvular consonants, are produced by creating a constriction of airflow between the uvula and the back of the tongue. The uvula acts as an accessory speech organ.
The uvula is involved in saliva production, helping to keep the throat moist and lubricated. It contains numerous glands that produce thin, watery saliva, beneficial for both speech and swallowing. The uvula also contributes to the gag reflex, a protective mechanism preventing choking if a large object or food reaches the back of the throat. It may also contribute to the immune system.
Common Uvula Issues
The uvula can sometimes become inflamed or swollen, a condition known as uvulitis. Symptoms of uvulitis can include a sore throat, difficulty swallowing, a gagging sensation, coughing, and sometimes a fever. The uvula may appear red, puffy, and larger than its usual size.
Uvulitis can stem from various causes, with infections being common culprits, such as strep throat, the common cold, flu, or mononucleosis. Allergies to substances like dust, pollen, pet dander, or certain foods can also trigger swelling. Other factors contributing to uvulitis include dehydration, excessive alcohol consumption, irritation from smoking or certain chemicals, and acid reflux. Genetic conditions can also lead to uvular swelling.
Seek medical attention if uvulitis symptoms are severe, such as significant swelling that causes difficulty breathing or swallowing. Also seek attention if symptoms persist for more than a few days, if there is a high fever, or if pus is draining from the area. While a large uvula can contribute to snoring or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by vibrating or blocking airflow, this is distinct from temporary uvulitis. For chronic issues like severe snoring or OSA related to the uvula, medical evaluation and specialized procedures, such as uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP), might be considered.