Shingles, a viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus (the same virus that causes chickenpox), manifests as a painful rash, often accompanied by blisters. It can lead to significant discomfort for those affected. While systemic treatments address the virus internally, topical creams offer a localized approach to manage symptoms.
Addressing Shingles Symptoms with Topical Treatments
Shingles typically causes uncomfortable symptoms, including intense pain, persistent itching, a burning sensation, and the characteristic blistering rash. Topical treatments are designed to target these specific symptoms directly on the skin. Creams, lotions, and gels can help soothe irritated skin, reduce itching, and locally numb painful areas. While these creams provide significant symptomatic relief, they do not cure the viral infection.
Types of Creams for Shingles Relief
Different topical creams address the diverse symptoms of shingles. Pain-relieving creams often contain ingredients like lidocaine, a local anesthetic that blocks nerve signals to temporarily numb the affected area and relieve sharp, burning pain.
Another pain-relieving ingredient is capsaicin, derived from chili peppers. Capsaicin creams work by depleting substance P, a neurotransmitter involved in pain signaling. Capsaicin can cause an initial burning sensation that usually subsides with continued use, as its full pain-relieving effect may take days or weeks to become noticeable.
Calamine lotion, used for itching and soothing, has mild astringent properties that help dry weeping blisters and reduce itching. Colloidal oatmeal, in creams and bath treatments, soothes irritated skin, calming inflammation and alleviating itchiness. Hydrocortisone creams, a mild corticosteroid, reduce inflammation and itching. Use cautiously on broken skin or open sores, and avoid prolonged use without medical advice.
Some antiviral medications are also available in topical forms, including prescription creams containing acyclovir or penciclovir. These antiviral creams are most effective when applied very early in the infection, ideally within 72 hours of rash onset, to inhibit viral replication. Oral antiviral medications are generally preferred for systemic treatment, as they reach the virus throughout the body more effectively.
Applying Creams Safely and Effectively
Proper application of topical creams is essential to maximize their benefits and minimize potential side effects.
Before applying any cream, gently clean the affected skin area with mild soap and water, then pat it dry. Always wash your hands thoroughly before and after applying the cream to prevent the spread of infection. Apply the cream gently, avoiding vigorous rubbing, especially over open blisters or sores, unless specifically instructed.
It is crucial to follow the specific instructions provided on the product label or by a healthcare professional regarding dosage and frequency of application. More is not always better, and overuse can sometimes lead to skin irritation or other adverse effects.
Before widespread application, consider performing a patch test on a small, unaffected area of skin to check for any allergic reactions. If redness, itching, or increased irritation occurs, discontinue use.
Always avoid applying creams near the eyes, mouth, or other mucous membranes unless the product is specifically formulated for those areas. Keep the treated area clean and dry, and avoid scratching, which can worsen irritation and potentially lead to secondary bacterial infections. If the cream causes increased discomfort or rash, stop using it and consult a doctor.
When to Seek Professional Medical Advice
While topical creams can offer relief, they are only one part of managing shingles. It is highly recommended to consult a doctor as soon as shingles symptoms appear for an accurate diagnosis.
Early medical intervention allows for the prescription of oral antiviral medications, which are most effective when started within the first 72 hours of the rash appearing and can significantly reduce the severity and duration of the illness.
Professional medical advice is also essential if symptoms worsen, if the rash spreads, or if signs of infection develop, such as increased pain, pus, or fever. If the shingles rash appears near or involves the eyes, immediate medical attention is critical to prevent potential vision complications. A healthcare provider can also discuss strategies for preventing or managing post-herpetic neuralgia, a common complication of shingles involving persistent pain after the rash clears, which goes beyond the scope of topical creams.