An Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is a portable electronic device used to treat sudden cardiac arrest, a condition where the heart abruptly stops beating effectively due to an electrical malfunction. An AED delivers a controlled electrical shock to restore the heart’s normal rhythm. Correct AED use, especially for infants, significantly improves survival chances during such emergencies.
Understanding AED Use for Infants
Using an AED on an infant, such as an 11-month-old, differs from adult application due to their distinct physiology. Infants have smaller body sizes and different electrical resistance, requiring a modified approach to defibrillation. Pediatric AED pads are specifically designed for children under eight years old or weighing less than 55 pounds (25 kg). These specialized pads deliver a reduced electrical shock, around 50 joules, a safer energy level for a child’s smaller heart compared to the 150 joules delivered by adult pads. The smaller size of pediatric pads also ensures proper placement without touching or overlapping.
Optimal Pad Placement for Infants
For an 11-month-old, the recommended method for AED pad placement is the anterior-posterior (front-back) configuration. This specific placement ensures the electrical current travels effectively through the infant’s heart. To apply the pads, place one pediatric pad on the center of the infant’s chest. The second pediatric pad should then be placed on the infant’s back, positioned directly between the shoulder blades. It is important to press the pads firmly onto the skin to ensure good contact, allowing the AED to accurately analyze the heart rhythm and deliver an effective shock.
Addressing Pad Availability
While pediatric pads are the preferred choice for infants and young children, situations may arise where only adult pads are available. In such life-threatening emergencies, using adult pads is an option, as delaying treatment can significantly reduce the chance of survival. If adult pads must be used, a crucial consideration is to ensure they do not touch or overlap each other. Overlapping pads can interfere with the electrical current, potentially harming the child or rendering the shock ineffective.
AED Use in a Broader Emergency
Using an AED on an infant is one component of a broader emergency response. Upon recognizing a potential cardiac arrest, immediately call emergency services, such as 911 or your local emergency number. Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) without delay. Continue CPR until the AED is ready for use, or until professional medical help arrives. The combination of early CPR and prompt AED use significantly increases the chances of survival for someone experiencing sudden cardiac arrest.