A stoma is a surgically created opening on the body, often on the abdomen, that allows waste to exit the body into a pouch. Maintaining the health of the skin around a stoma, known as peristomal skin, is an important aspect of ostomy care. Stoma powder is a specialized product designed to protect this sensitive skin and help manage common skin challenges associated with having a stoma.
Understanding Stoma Powder
Stoma powder absorbs excess moisture from the skin surrounding the stoma. This moisture can come from perspiration, stoma output, or weeping skin, and if unmanaged, it can lead to irritation, maceration, or breakdown. By absorbing moisture, the powder helps create a dry surface, which is beneficial for skin health and appliance adherence.
Stoma powder is hydrocolloid-based, with common ingredients including pectin, gelatin, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Upon contact with moisture, these particles swell, forming a protective gel-like substance. This gel shields the skin from irritating stoma output and promotes healing.
Unlike cosmetic powders like talcum or baby powder, stoma powder is formulated not to interfere with ostomy appliance adhesive. Non-ostomy specific powders can compromise the skin barrier seal, leading to leaks and irritation. It is non-sterile and non-medicated, providing a physical protective layer rather than treating infection. Its purpose is to manage moisture and provide a suitable surface for the appliance, helping prevent complications.
Applying Stoma Powder
Proper application of stoma powder is important for effectiveness. First, thoroughly clean the peristomal skin with water and dry it completely. The powder should only be applied to areas of skin that are moist, weepy, or irritated, not healthy, intact skin.
To apply, gently sprinkle a small amount of powder onto the affected skin around the stoma. Most stoma powders come in a puff bottle for controlled application. After sprinkling, lightly brush or pat away any excess powder, ensuring only a thin layer remains on the moist or irritated skin. The powder should adhere only to moist areas, as excess powder can hinder the adhesion of the ostomy wafer.
Some healthcare professionals may recommend a technique called “crusting,” particularly for very irritated skin. This involves applying a layer of stoma powder, then dabbing or spraying it with a skin barrier wipe or spray to “seal” the powder onto the skin, allowing it to dry. The process may be repeated before applying the ostomy barrier. This method helps secure the powder and create a more robust protective layer. Once the powder is applied and any excess is removed, the ostomy pouching system can be applied as usual.
Tips for Effective Use
Stoma powder is most effective when used judiciously. It should be applied when the peristomal skin shows signs of moisture, irritation, or rawness, but it is not a preventative measure for irritation on healthy skin. Too much powder, or applying it to dry skin, can negatively affect the adhesion of the ostomy wafer, leading to leaks. A light dusting is sufficient, as the powder will only stick to the moist areas.
The powder’s purpose is to absorb moisture and protect the skin, allowing it to heal under the appliance. Once the skin has healed and is no longer moist or irritated, the use of stoma powder should be discontinued. If skin irritation persists or worsens despite using stoma powder, consult a healthcare professional, such as a stoma nurse, for evaluation. This ensures that any underlying issues causing the irritation are addressed.