When individuals receive their mammogram reports, they often encounter terminology that may seem unfamiliar. Reports frequently include descriptions of breast tissue composition, which can vary significantly. This article clarifies “scattered fibroglandular density,” a common finding in mammography, to help demystify these reports.
Understanding Scattered Fibroglandular Density
Breast tissue is composed of fatty tissue and fibroglandular tissue. Fibroglandular tissue refers to a combination of glandular tissue, responsible for milk production, and fibrous connective tissue that provides structural support. This fibroglandular tissue is a normal component of the breast, present in varying amounts in all individuals.
When a mammogram report describes breast density as “scattered fibroglandular density,” it indicates how this fibroglandular tissue is distributed. The term “scattered” signifies that while fibroglandular tissue is present, it is dispersed in a way that does not occupy a large proportion of the breast volume. This distribution allows for good visualization of the underlying breast tissue on a mammogram. This density type is formally classified as American College of Radiology (ACR) Breast Density Category B.
This category represents breasts that are considered non-dense, meaning they consist of scattered areas of fibroglandular tissue with a significant amount of fatty tissue. The presence of more fatty tissue makes the breast appear darker on a mammogram, allowing potential abnormalities, which appear white, to stand out more clearly against the darker background. Therefore, scattered fibroglandular density indicates a breast composition that is generally considered favorable for mammographic screening.
Implications for Breast Health and Screening
For individuals with scattered fibroglandular density, the implications for breast health and screening are generally favorable. This breast tissue composition does not significantly obscure mammogram readings. The scattered nature of the fibroglandular tissue, interspersed with fatty tissue, allows radiologists to more easily distinguish between normal breast structures and any potential abnormalities, such as masses or calcifications. This improved visibility aids in the detection of breast cancer during routine screening.
Scattered fibroglandular density is not associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer. This contrasts with higher breast density categories, such as heterogeneously dense or extremely dense breasts, which contain more fibroglandular tissue and can mildly increase breast cancer risk. In these denser categories, the abundance of white fibroglandular tissue on a mammogram can make it more challenging to identify small tumors, which also appear white, potentially masking them.
Given that scattered fibroglandular density does not pose a significant challenge for mammographic interpretation and is not linked to elevated cancer risk, additional screening modalities beyond standard mammography are not recommended solely based on this finding. However, breast screening recommendations are always personalized. Individuals should discuss their specific breast density findings, along with their overall health history and other risk factors, with their healthcare provider to determine the most appropriate and tailored screening plan.