Red vine leaf extract is a natural supplement derived from the leaves of the common grapevine, Vitis vinifera. This botanical product has been utilized in traditional European medicine for centuries, particularly for conditions related to poor circulation. Today, it is recognized as a standardized herbal remedy in many parts of the world.
Source and Key Active Components
The extract is sourced from the red leaves of the Vitis vinifera plant, the same species that produces wine grapes. The leaves are harvested in the autumn, typically around the grape harvest. This timing is deliberate because the leaves naturally turn red and reach their highest concentration of beneficial compounds.
This deep red coloration signals the peak accumulation of polyphenols and flavonoids, which are the primary active components of the extract. Among these, the most significant are various flavonoid glycosides, including quercetin-3-O-β-glucuronide and isoquercitrin. These compounds are potent antioxidants that contribute to the extract’s therapeutic effects. The leaves are dried and processed into a concentrated aqueous extract, ensuring that the final product consistently delivers a high level of these protective phytochemicals.
Primary Uses for Circulation and Vein Health
The extract’s primary application is managing symptoms associated with Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI), a condition where leg veins struggle to return blood to the heart. Regular consumption relieves CVI symptoms, including the sensation of heavy or tired legs, tension, pain, and lower leg edema (swelling).
The mechanism of action centers on strengthening the vascular system and improving microcirculation. The flavonoids accumulate in the venous intima (the inner lining of the vein walls). Here, they help preserve the function of the endothelial barrier, reducing the permeability of the capillaries. This limits the leakage of fluid into surrounding tissues, which causes leg swelling and edema.
The extract also increases the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), a molecule that helps regulate blood flow. By increasing NO production and decreasing oxidative stress, the extract promotes better cell function and enhances the supply of oxygen to the skin. This combined effect strengthens vein structure and improves blood flow, contributing to the reduction in leg volume and circumference observed in people with mild to moderately severe CVI. Scientific findings confirm that this extract can provide symptom relief comparable to that achieved with compression stockings.
Forms and Recommended Dosage
Red vine leaf extract is most commonly available in standardized capsule or tablet form for internal use. The most well-researched form is a specific standardized aqueous dry extract known as AS 195. Standardization ensures that each dose contains a consistent and predictable amount of the active flavonoid compounds.
In clinical settings, the effective daily dosage for managing CVI symptoms typically ranges from 360 mg to 720 mg of the standardized extract. This dose is often taken once daily, with the higher dose sometimes offering a slightly more pronounced and sustained effect on symptoms like leg swelling. Some products may also be available as topical gels or creams, as well as teas, though the most reliable data on efficacy comes from the oral, standardized dosage forms. People interested in using this supplement should carefully follow the dosage instructions provided on the product label.
Safety Profile and Potential Side Effects
Red vine leaf extract is generally well-tolerated when taken at recommended dosages. The incidence of adverse events reported in clinical trials has been low, with most issues being mild and temporary in nature. The most common minor side effects reported involve the gastrointestinal system.
These mild digestive disturbances can include feelings of nausea, stomach upset, or occasionally, diarrhea or constipation. Other infrequent reports include mild headaches. Due to a lack of sufficient safety data, the extract is typically advised against for pregnant or nursing women. People taking anticoagulant or anti-platelet medications, commonly known as blood thinners, should consult a healthcare professional before starting the extract, as the active compounds may have a theoretical potential to interact with these drugs.