Posturing in autism refers to specific body movements or positions often observed in individuals on the autism spectrum. These behaviors are a common part of the autistic experience. Understanding them provides insight into the internal world of autistic individuals and their distinct processing styles. This article explores what posturing entails, its various forms, and its functions.
Defining Autistic Posturing
Autistic posturing involves repetitive and distinctive movements or sustained body positions, particularly of the hands. This behavior is a form of self-stimulatory behavior, often called “stimming” or stereotypy. Common examples include hand flapping, finger wiggling, or hand tapping against a surface or the body.
Beyond hand movements, posturing can encompass other repetitive actions like body rocking, toe walking, or unusual body stances. These behaviors are often rhythmic and coordinated. While many people fidget, autistic posturing is typically more patterned and consistent, serving as a defining characteristic of autism spectrum disorder. They are considered a core diagnostic feature of autism, described as restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviors, interests, or activities.
The Purpose Behind Posturing
Posturing behaviors serve a purpose for the individual. One primary function is self-regulation, helping manage sensory input. Repetitive movements provide comfort and predictability, aiding individuals in calming anxiety or coping with overwhelming sensory experiences. For example, hand flapping might help an individual process excitement or alleviate stress during overstimulation.
Posturing can also function as a form of communication or expression, especially when verbal communication is challenging. These movements might non-verbally convey internal states like excitement, anxiety, or frustration, or help manage intense emotions. Additionally, certain posturing behaviors can aid in focus and concentration, helping individuals maintain attention or process information more effectively. The specific purpose of posturing varies significantly among individuals and in different situations.
When Posturing Becomes a Concern
While posturing is a natural aspect of autistic self-expression and often does not require intervention, there are situations where it may warrant attention. If the posturing behaviors become self-injurious, such as head banging or excessive scratching, they pose a direct safety risk to the individual. Similarly, if the movements significantly interfere with daily activities, learning, or participation in social interactions, it might be beneficial to explore support strategies. For instance, if constant hand movements prevent an individual from engaging with tasks or peers, it could be a point of concern.
Understanding the underlying purpose of posturing is an important first step before considering any support. The goal is typically not to eliminate the behavior entirely, as it often serves an important self-regulatory function. Instead, the aim is to support the individual’s overall well-being and to find alternative, safer, or less disruptive ways to meet the needs the posturing addresses. If posturing causes significant distress or leads to social challenges like teasing or bullying, exploring supportive approaches becomes important.