Identifying unknown medications is crucial to prevent health risks like incorrect dosing, dangerous drug interactions, or consuming counterfeit substances. Drug imprints and physical characteristics help individuals and healthcare professionals verify medications, safeguarding patient safety and supporting informed health decisions.
Identifying Pill 242
The pill marked “242” could refer to different medications, depending on other markings and its physical characteristics. While some online pill identifiers might show “242” in conjunction with certain drugs, it is not a standalone identifier for a specific medication. For example, some sources indicate that a yellow elliptical/oval pill with “Logo 242” might be Isentress HD (raltegravir) 600 mg, used for HIV infection. Another white round pill with the imprint “W242” has been identified as acetaminophen/codeine 300 mg / 30 mg.
However, if the “242” imprint is part of “242 2 WATSON,” it refers to Lorazepam 2 mg, a medication for anxiety. It is important to look at all markings on a pill, including numbers, letters, and any logos, as well as its color and shape, to accurately identify it. Manufacturers use unique imprint codes to distinguish their products. Without a complete imprint and description, precise identification is difficult.
Primary Uses of Hydroxyzine
Hydroxyzine is a medication with several applications, primarily due to its antihistamine and central nervous system depressant properties. It is commonly prescribed to alleviate itching caused by allergic skin conditions, such as chronic urticaria, hives, or contact dermatitis. It helps reduce the effects of histamine, a natural chemical that triggers allergic symptoms.
The medication also functions as a sedative, making it useful in managing anxiety and tension. It can be used alone or with other medications to induce relaxation, particularly before and after general anesthesia for surgical procedures. While effective for short-term anxiety relief, its long-term use is generally not recommended, with some studies suggesting a link between long-term use of anticholinergic medications like hydroxyzine and dementia in older adults.
How Hydroxyzine Works
Hydroxyzine functions as a first-generation antihistamine and H1 receptor antagonist. It blocks the action of histamine, a natural compound in the body involved in allergic reactions, by competitively binding to H1 receptors. By inhibiting histamine’s effects, hydroxyzine helps reduce symptoms like itching, swelling, and hives.
Beyond its antihistamine properties, hydroxyzine also acts on the central nervous system (CNS). It suppresses activity in certain subcortical areas of the brain. This action contributes to its sedative and anxiolytic (anxiety-reducing) effects.
Hydroxyzine also shows weaker activity as an antagonist of serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, dopamine D2 receptors, and alpha1-adrenergic receptors. These additional actions, particularly its antiserotonergic effects, may contribute to its effectiveness as an anxiolytic. The medication is rapidly absorbed, with effects typically observed within an hour of administration.
Important Considerations When Taking Hydroxyzine
Be aware of potential side effects and interactions when taking hydroxyzine. Common side effects include drowsiness, dry mouth, headache, and constipation. Drowsiness can affect a person’s ability to drive or operate machinery, so caution is advised until the medication’s effects are known.
A serious consideration is QT prolongation, an electrical heart change that can lead to irregular heartbeats. This risk is higher in individuals with pre-existing heart conditions, electrolyte imbalances, or those taking other QT-prolonging medications, such as certain antiarrhythmics, antipsychotics, antidepressants, and antibiotics. Hydroxyzine may also rarely cause a severe skin reaction called acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), characterized by fever and a spreading rash with pustules.
Hydroxyzine can enhance the effects of other central nervous system (CNS) depressants, including alcohol, opioids, benzodiazepines, and other sedatives. Combining these substances can lead to increased drowsiness, impaired coordination, and potentially dangerous respiratory depression. Avoiding alcohol while taking hydroxyzine is generally recommended.
For older adults, hydroxyzine should be used with caution, as they may be more susceptible to side effects like confusion, excessive sedation, and falls. Their bodies may also process medications differently due to age-related changes in liver, kidney, or heart function. Always consult a healthcare professional to discuss individual risks and ensure safe use of hydroxyzine.
Safe Handling and Storage
Proper handling and storage of hydroxyzine are important to maintain its effectiveness and ensure safety. Hydroxyzine tablets and capsules should be stored at room temperature, typically between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C), in a tightly sealed, light-resistant container. Keep the medication away from excessive heat, moisture, and direct light, avoiding damp areas like bathrooms.
If a dose of hydroxyzine is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered. However, if it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, the missed dose should be skipped to avoid taking a double dose, which can increase the risk of side effects. Never take extra medication to compensate for a missed dose.
If an unidentified pill is found, do not consume it. The safest approach is to contact a pharmacist or healthcare provider for identification. They can use pill identification resources to determine the medication based on its imprint, shape, and color.
Unused or expired medications should be disposed of safely to prevent accidental ingestion by children or pets and to protect the environment. Best disposal methods include drug take-back programs at pharmacies or police stations, or using prepaid drug mail-back envelopes. If these options are unavailable, medications can often be mixed with an unappealing substance like dirt or used coffee grounds, sealed in a plastic bag, and then placed in the trash. Personal information should be removed from prescription labels before disposal.