Ground itch is an irritating skin condition characterized by a rash that develops after contact with specific microscopic parasites. It is a common term for cutaneous larva migrans (CLM), a skin infection caused by hookworms.
What Causes Ground Itch?
Ground itch primarily results from infection by hookworm larvae, microscopic parasitic worms that thrive in warm, moist soil. These larvae typically enter the human body when a person’s skin, often on the feet, comes into direct contact with contaminated soil or sand. They can penetrate the skin within minutes to hours to begin their migration.
The eggs of these hookworms are usually found in the feces of infected animals like dogs and cats, or sometimes humans, which contaminate the soil. Once in the soil, the eggs hatch into larvae, which then mature into an infective stage. These infective larvae can survive for several weeks in suitable conditions, waiting for a host to come into contact with the contaminated ground.
Recognizing Ground Itch
A distinctive feature of ground itch is the appearance of a raised, winding, or serpentine rash, often described as a “creeping eruption.” This visible track on the skin marks the path of the migrating larvae. The rash is typically accompanied by intense itching, redness, and sometimes blisters.
The rash commonly appears on areas of the body that have been exposed to contaminated ground, such as the feet, legs, buttocks, or hands. Symptoms usually manifest within 1 to 5 days after exposure, though they can sometimes take over a month to appear. A healthcare professional diagnoses ground itch based on the characteristic rash and the individual’s history of exposure to potentially contaminated environments.
Getting Rid of and Preventing Ground Itch
Treatment for ground itch involves the use of antiparasitic medications, which can be taken orally or applied topically to the affected skin. Common medications include albendazole or ivermectin, which effectively kill the hookworm larvae and help resolve symptoms. Seeking medical advice for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment is important.
Preventing ground itch involves avoiding direct contact with soil that may harbor hookworm larvae. Wearing shoes, especially when walking in warm, moist climates or on sandy beaches, is a primary preventive measure. Practicing good hygiene, such as washing hands thoroughly, and ensuring proper disposal of animal waste can also help reduce the spread of hookworm eggs in the environment.