Boswellia carterii, commonly recognized as Frankincense, is a natural resin obtained from a specific tree. This aromatic substance has been used for thousands of years across various cultures. Its origins trace back to ancient civilizations that valued it for its unique properties and distinct fragrance.
The Source of Boswellia Carterii
Boswellia carterii trees grow in arid, mountainous regions of Northeast Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Countries like Somalia, Ethiopia, and Oman are notable for cultivating these trees. The resin is harvested through a process called “tapping,” where incisions are made into the tree’s trunk.
Initially, a milky sap oozes from these cuts. This sap then hardens upon exposure to air, forming the yellowish-brown, tear-shaped resin that is collected.
Understanding Its Active Compounds
The primary active components are boswellic acids. These are pentacyclic triterpene molecules, and over a dozen different types have been identified. Among these, 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) and 11-Keto-β-boswellic acid (KBA) are particularly studied for their biological activity.
Boswellic acids interact with inflammatory pathways. They inhibit the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), which plays a role in the production of leukotrienes that promote inflammation. This modulation contributes to the resin’s effects.
Traditional and Modern Applications
Historically, Boswellia carterii, as frankincense, held significant roles in traditional medicine, religious ceremonies, and spiritual practices across various cultures. It was burned as incense, used in perfumes, and applied in folk medicine. Traditional Ayurvedic and Unani medicine systems incorporated frankincense for inflammatory, gastrointestinal, and microbial issues.
In contemporary applications, Boswellia carterii extracts are found in dietary supplements. These are often marketed for supporting joint health, with studies exploring their potential to improve pain and physical function in individuals with osteoarthritis. Beyond supplements, the resin’s essential oil is also incorporated into skin care products for its reported ability to promote overall skin health, including reducing the appearance of mature skin and scars. Its soothing aroma makes it a popular choice in aromatherapy for promoting relaxation and emotional well-being.
Important Considerations for Use
When considering Boswellia carterii products, consumers should prioritize quality and standardization. Reputable products often specify the content of boswellic acids, particularly AKBA, to ensure consistent potency. The chemical composition of the resin can vary based on factors like the species of Boswellia and geographical location, influencing the extract’s properties.
Boswellia extract is well-tolerated, with clinical trials using doses up to 1,000 mg per day for several months or up to 2,400 mg per day for shorter periods. It is available in various forms, including capsules for oral consumption and essential oils for topical application or diffusion. Individuals who are pregnant or breastfeeding, or those taking other medications, should consult a healthcare professional before incorporating Boswellia carterii into their routine.