Bone spurs, also known as osteophytes, are abnormal bony growths that can develop on the edges of bones. These growths often form in response to joint wear and tear or inflammation. While many bone spurs remain asymptomatic, some can cause pain, restrict movement, or press on nerves. When these symptoms become severe or persistent, surgical removal may be considered to alleviate discomfort and restore function.
Understanding Surgical Terms
There is no single universal name for surgery to remove a bone spur. Healthcare professionals often use general terms like “osteophyte excision” or “exostectomy” to describe the procedure. The phrase “bone spur removal surgery” is also commonly used.
Specific terminology can depend on the anatomical location. For example, a “cheilectomy” removes bone spurs from the big toe joint. In the shoulder, removing a bone spur that narrows space for tendons might be part of an “acromioplasty.” In certain spinal cases, a “discectomy” might involve removing associated bony growths compressing nerves.
Reasons for Intervention
Surgical intervention for bone spurs is typically considered when non-surgical treatments have not provided sufficient relief. This includes situations where bone spurs cause significant, persistent pain that interferes with daily activities or limits a joint’s range of motion. Bone spurs can also compress nearby nerves, leading to symptoms such as numbness, tingling, or weakness, which removal can alleviate.
Physicians generally recommend a trial of conservative treatments first, such as physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, or corticosteroid injections. If these non-surgical approaches fail to alleviate symptoms over several months, surgical removal becomes a viable option to improve a patient’s quality of life.
Overview of the Procedure
The general steps for bone spur removal surgery involve accessing the affected area and carefully removing the bony growth. One common approach is open surgery, which uses a larger incision for direct view of the bone spur and surrounding structures. This method allows broad access and suits larger or more complex spurs.
Alternatively, many bone spur removals use minimally invasive or arthroscopic techniques. This approach involves several small incisions for an arthroscope (a thin tube with a camera) and specialized instruments. Surgeons visualize the area on a monitor to precisely shave or remove the bony overgrowth. The choice between open and minimally invasive surgery depends on the bone spur’s location, size, and surgeon’s preference.
Post-Surgical Recovery
Following bone spur removal surgery, patients can expect an initial period of pain management and rest. Healthcare providers typically prescribe pain medication to control discomfort. Swelling and bruising around the surgical site are common and usually subside within weeks, managed with ice and elevation.
Physical therapy or a structured rehabilitation program is a component of post-surgical recovery. These exercises restore the joint’s strength, flexibility, and range of motion. Adhering to therapist instructions is important for optimal healing and to prevent stiffness. Recovery timelines vary widely depending on the surgery’s location and complexity, ranging from several weeks to several months.