An orthodontic implant, also known as a Temporary Anchorage Device (TAD), is a small, specialized device used in orthodontic treatment. Made from a titanium alloy, these implants provide a stable, fixed point within the mouth. Unlike permanent dental implants, orthodontic implants are temporary and are removed once their purpose is fulfilled. They support tooth movement alongside traditional braces or aligners.
Purpose in Orthodontic Treatment
The primary function of orthodontic implants is to provide absolute anchorage, a fixed point that does not move when force is applied to other teeth. Moving teeth requires a stable anchor point; without it, applying force to one tooth could cause others to shift unintentionally.
These implants allow orthodontists to achieve complex tooth movements difficult or impossible with conventional methods alone. For instance, they enable targeted movement of specific teeth, such as retracting front teeth to close large gaps or intruding over-erupted teeth to correct deep bites. TADs can also facilitate the correction of severe open bites or assist in aligning the dental midline, ensuring facial symmetry.
By anchoring directly in the jawbone, implants enhance precision and control of tooth movement. This often eliminates the need for external appliances like headgear. These devices can also shorten overall treatment time by allowing more direct and efficient tooth repositioning.
Types and Placement
Orthodontic implants are typically mini-screws or mini-implants, small screw-like devices made of titanium alloy. These miniature appliances typically range from 1.2 to 2 millimeters in diameter and 6 to 12 millimeters in length. Their compact size allows for placement in various locations within the jawbone, often between existing teeth.
Placement is a minor and quick procedure, typically performed in the orthodontist’s office. A local anesthetic numbs the area, ensuring minimal discomfort, often described as gentle pressure during insertion. The mini-screw is then carefully inserted into the bone.
The temporary nature of these implants means they do not require full integration with the bone, unlike permanent dental implants. Once tooth movement is achieved, the implant is easily removed by the orthodontist. This quick, minimally invasive process requires little to no anesthetic.
Patient Experience and Care
Patients generally report minimal discomfort during and after the placement of an orthodontic implant. Any initial soreness or tenderness at the implant site typically subsides within a few days. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen, are usually sufficient to manage any mild discomfort.
Maintaining excellent oral hygiene around the implant is important throughout treatment. Patients are usually advised to gently brush the area around the implant with a soft toothbrush and use an antimicrobial mouthwash to prevent infection. Avoiding certain hard or sticky foods that could dislodge or damage the implant is also recommended.
The temporary nature of these implants means they remain in place for several months, or as long as necessary to achieve specific orthodontic goals. Once teeth have moved into their desired positions, the implant is removed in a simple, straightforward procedure. The site typically heals quickly, leaving no lasting trace.