A fracture bedpan is a specialized medical device used to assist patients who cannot leave their bed to use a toilet. It serves as a receptacle for urine and feces for individuals with severely restricted mobility or specific injuries. Its design differs significantly from a standard bedpan, allowing for toileting while minimizing the physical strain and movement required of the patient.
Physical Characteristics and Design
The defining feature of a fracture bedpan is its low profile and unique wedge shape, contrasting with the deeper structure of a regular bedpan. It is designed with one side being flat and tapered, allowing it to slide easily under a patient’s buttocks with minimal lifting of the pelvis. This low-profile end is positioned under the patient, while the opposite, higher end is typically equipped with a handle for placement and removal.
These bedpans are commonly constructed from lightweight, durable plastic, ensuring they can be easily cleaned and sanitized to maintain infection control standards. The low height means the patient does not need to be lifted as high as required for a standard bedpan, which is a major advantage for reducing discomfort and movement. Some designs also include a non-skid base and a small splash guard.
Medical Necessity and Purpose
The primary purpose of the fracture bedpan is to accommodate patients for whom the lifting and rolling required for a standard bedpan would be painful or medically contraindicated. Patients with a pelvic fracture, hip fracture, or lower extremity fracture are the most common users, as significant movement could exacerbate their injury. The low wedge shape protects the injury site by preventing excessive rotation of the hip or spine.
The device is also used for individuals recovering from major surgeries, such as hip replacement or spinal surgery. Post-operative protocols often limit hip flexion or rotation to ensure the surgical site heals correctly. Utilizing a fracture bedpan prevents the deep hip flexion required by a regular bedpan, protecting the surgical repair. Patients suffering from profound fatigue, debilitating illness, or severe pain also benefit, as the device can be used while lying almost flat, reducing energy expenditure and discomfort.
Safe Placement and Removal
Before placing the fracture bedpan, the caregiver should gather supplies and explain the procedure to the patient. The bed must be adjusted to a comfortable working height, and the patient should be positioned supine with the head of the bed lowered. For placement, the flat, tapered end of the bedpan must be oriented toward the patient’s head, allowing the device to slide smoothly under the buttocks.
If the patient is able to assist, they should bend their knees and gently lift their hips while the caregiver slides the bedpan underneath. If the patient cannot lift their hips due to injury or pain, the caregiver must gently roll the patient to the side, position the bedpan securely against the hip, and then roll them back onto the device.
Once the bedpan is placed, the head of the bed can be raised to a semi-sitting position, known as a semi-Fowler’s position, as this angle facilitates a more natural elimination process. For removal, the process is reversed, with the caregiver stabilizing the bedpan as the patient is gently lifted or rolled off, ensuring the contents do not spill before disposal.