In livestock terminology, the word “sheep” is a general category, while specific names are used to precisely identify an animal’s age, sex, and reproductive status. A lamb is the term for any young sheep, typically defined as being under one year old or before they are weaned from their mother. This specialized vocabulary is standard in agriculture and husbandry, helping farmers and breeders manage their flocks efficiently by tracking maturity and purpose. The specific name for a female lamb distinguishes her from her male counterparts and adult females, underscoring the need for precision in animal management.
The Specific Name for a Female Lamb
The specific term for a female sheep that has not yet reached maturity is an “ewe lamb.” This designation applies to a young female from birth until she is typically around 12 months old and has not yet given birth. The term clearly separates her from a mature female sheep, which is simply called an ewe.
In some regional dialects, particularly in the United Kingdom, the female sheep may also be referred to as a “gimmer.” The term “gimmer” often denotes a young female sheep in her second year of life who is still considered immature. This distinction tracks their readiness for breeding, which generally begins around 18 months of age.
Terminology for Other Young Sheep
The young male counterpart to the ewe lamb is called a “ram lamb” or, in certain regions, a “tup lamb.” These young males are typically managed differently depending on whether they are intended for breeding or for meat production. Once a lamb progresses past its first year, gender-neutral terms begin to apply, shifting the focus from initial age to developmental stage.
One common term is “hogget,” which describes a sheep between the time of weaning and its first shearing, often spanning from 9 to 18 months of age. Another related term is “yearling,” which is broadly used for any sheep that is between one and two years old, regardless of its sex or reproductive status.
Names for Mature Sheep
Once a female sheep has matured, typically after having her first offspring, she is designated an “ewe.” Ewes are the reproductive foundation of the flock, with a gestation period lasting approximately 147 to 150 days. They can begin breeding as young as 7 to 12 months, but many farmers wait until the ewe is around 18 months old before mating to ensure proper physical development and better lambing outcomes.
The mature, intact male sheep is known as a “ram.” In parts of the United Kingdom, this breeding male is often referred to as a “tup,” and the mating season itself is called “tupping.” Rams are physically robust and possess the distinct secondary sexual characteristics necessary for flock propagation.
The third major category for mature sheep is the “wether,” which is a male sheep that has been castrated. This procedure is performed early in life to prevent unwanted breeding and to encourage docile behavior within the flock. Wethers are primarily raised for meat or for wool production, as their lack of reproductive function allows them to gain weight efficiently.