A cervical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan uses strong magnets and radio waves to generate detailed images of the neck region. Unlike X-rays or computed tomography (CT) scans, MRI does not use ionizing radiation. This non-invasive test focuses specifically on the cervical spine, the part of the spine running through the neck. It allows healthcare providers to examine the soft tissues and bony structures within this area.
What a Cervical MRI Reveals
A cervical MRI provides detailed views of the anatomical structures within the neck. It visualizes the seven cervical vertebrae (C1-C7), the intervertebral discs between them, and the spinal cord itself. The scan also highlights nerve roots branching from the spinal cord, as well as surrounding soft tissues like ligaments, tendons, and muscles.
This detailed imaging allows for the identification of various abnormalities. A cervical MRI can detect disc issues such as herniated or bulging discs, which occur when cushioning material between vertebrae protrudes and may press on nerves. It can also show spinal stenosis, a narrowing of the spinal canal that can compress the spinal cord or nerves. The scan can also reveal inflammation, and signs of spinal cord injury or compression.
Common Reasons for a Cervical MRI
Healthcare providers often recommend a cervical MRI for persistent or specific neck symptoms. Chronic neck pain that does not improve with initial treatments is a frequent indication. Pain radiating into the shoulders, arms, or hands, along with numbness, tingling, or weakness in these upper extremities, can also prompt an MRI.
The scan helps diagnose underlying conditions such as degenerative disc disease, where discs show wear and tear, or cervical spondylosis, involving abnormal wear of neck bones and cartilage. It is also used to investigate suspected herniated discs, spinal stenosis, injuries from trauma like whiplash, infections, tumors, multiple sclerosis, or birth defects affecting the spine.
Preparing For and Undergoing a Cervical MRI
Preparing for a cervical MRI involves removing all metallic objects, including jewelry, watches, hearing aids, and clothing with metal zippers or snaps. Patients should inform staff about any implanted medical devices, such as pacemakers, aneurysm clips, or cochlear implants, as these can interfere with the magnetic field. In some cases, a contrast dye, often gadolinium, may be injected intravenously to enhance the visibility of certain structures or abnormalities.
During the scan, the patient lies on a narrow table that slides into a tunnel-shaped MRI machine. Remaining as still as possible throughout the procedure ensures clear images. The machine produces loud thumping and humming noises, so earplugs or headphones are usually provided. A cervical MRI lasts between 30 to 60 minutes, though some scans may be shorter or longer depending on imaging needs.
Safety and Important Considerations
A cervical MRI is a safe procedure. It uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves. These magnetic fields can interact with metallic objects or implants within the body, so it is important to disclose any such items to the medical team beforehand.
For individuals who experience anxiety in enclosed spaces, often referred to as claustrophobia, several strategies can help manage discomfort. These include requesting a sedative medication before the scan or opting for an “open” MRI machine, if available, which provides a less confined environment. Focusing on deep breathing exercises, listening to music through headphones, or using an eye mask can also help reduce anxiety during the procedure.